Biomass is the abundant resources for the production of materials and commodity chemicals. However, sustainability of such bioresources for long-term utilization is restricted if only food-crop-based biomass and woody biomass are focused on. Thus, the nonfood waste biomass, such as agricultural residue, can be considered as potential raw materials for the production of different lignocellulosic functional composites. Thus, agricultural residue-based composites are an excellent candidate for the safe and green future. The agricultural component, that is, lignocellulosic materials, can be utilized in the best manner by preparing their composite. Basically, agricultural residues are being produced in very large amount (billions of tons) each year around the world. However, an only minor portion of these generated waste materials is used in the form of fodder, household fuel, etc. The rest of the residue is either discarded or burned, which eventually causes air pollution. Therefore, this chapter deals with the importance of utilizing agricultural residue and method of preparation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.