As one of the fastest growing economies and further larger consumer of energy in the world, there has been a paradigm shift in India's energy demand. Here we evaluate the growth of Indian economy its, diversification of agriculture-based economy to industrial production, service and digital-technology based economy and deepening of income sources, although the dependence on foreign sources for energy demands has not markedly improved. This situation has placed India at the crossroads for energy sufficiency, especially under the highly fluid and changing geopolitical, strategic, environmental and economic scenarios of the World order. We attempt to understand the issue from geological perspective and address some of the impediments. © 2019 China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University