TY  - JOUR
Y1  - 2018///
VL  - 20
JF  - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
A1  - Yiin, C.L.
A1  - Yusup, S.
A1  - Quitain, A.T.
A1  - Uemura, Y.
A1  - Sasaki, M.
A1  - Kida, T.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051114758&doi=10.1007%2fs10098-018-1590-7&partnerID=40&md5=01cee5f392e45e7286c90ba2d77ae1c0
ID  - scholars9912
KW  - Artificial life; Biomass; Chlorine compounds; Delignification; Environmental impact; Eutrophication; Fruits; Global warming; Mixtures; Palm oil; Sustainable development; Temperature; Volatile organic compounds
KW  -  Cactus; Delignification efficiency; Environmentally friendly solvents; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Low-transition temperature; Malic acids; Oil palm empty fruit bunch; Photochemical ozone creation potentials
KW  -  Life cycle
KW  -  Biomass; Chlorine Compounds; Delignification; Eutrophication; Fruits; Mixtures
IS  - 8
N2  - In future biorefineries, the development of cheap and environmentally friendly solvents for biomass pretreatment is highly desirable. In this sense, low-transition-temperature mixtures (LTTMs) have high potential to serve as green solvents for replacing conventional pretreatment technologies. In this study, a life cycle assessment of LTTMs pretreatment was conducted to determine the environmental impacts caused by biomass delignification. A gate-to-gate analysis which started with harvested oil palm empty fruit bunch and ended with lignin was selected. The environmental impacts such as acidification potential, global warming potential, eutrophication potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, human toxicity potential and volatile organic compounds emission were evaluated. The comparable environmental balances of commercial l-malic acid and cactus malic acid-based LTTMs pretreatment processes verified the suitability of the process with natural malic acid as the source of proton donor. This study concludes that biomass delignification using natural cactus malic acid-based LTTMs had promising features such as high delignification efficiency and environmentally friendly compared to commercial l-malic acid-based LTTMs. Based on environmental point of view, the overall process of biomass delignification using sucrose-based LTTMs had lower CO2 emissions compared to the monosodium glutamate- and choline chloride-based LTTMs. These findings are important for verifying the greenness and sustainability of LTTMs to be applied at industrial scale. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PB  - Springer Verlag
SN  - 1618954X
EP  - 1928
AV  - none
SP  - 1917
TI  - Life cycle assessment of oil palm empty fruit bunch delignification using natural malic acid-based low-transition-temperature mixtures: a gate-to-gate case study
N1  - cited By 6
ER  -