eprintid: 9510
rev_number: 2
eprint_status: archive
userid: 1
dir: disk0/00/00/95/10
datestamp: 2023-11-09 16:36:09
lastmod: 2023-11-09 16:36:09
status_changed: 2023-11-09 16:29:10
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Chan, Y.H.
creators_name: Tan, R.R.
creators_name: Yusup, S.
creators_name: Quitain, A.T.
creators_name: Loh, S.K.
creators_name: Uemura, Y.
title: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Production and Fractionation of Bio-Oil Derived from Palm Kernel Shell: a Gate-to-Gate Case Study
ispublished: pub
keywords: Carbon dioxide; Effluent treatment; Environmental impact; Eutrophication; Global warming; Life cycle; Liquefaction; Palm oil; Phenols, Bio-oils; Case-studies; Eutrophication potentials; Gate to gates; Global warming potential; Hydrothermal liquefactions; Novel process; Palm kernel shells; Supercritical CO 2; Supercritical extraction, Supercritical fluid extraction
note: cited By 13
abstract: This paper presents the life cycle assessment (LCA) of a novel process involving hydrothermal liquefaction of palm kernel shell (PKS) to produce bio-oil and subsequent extraction using supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) to obtain a phenol-rich extract. In this study, five environmental impact categories, namely global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), human toxicity potential (HTP), and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), were considered. In addition, a qualitative analysis on technology readiness level (TRL) on the interpretation of the LCA results was included. Lastly, conventional production of crude phenol was chosen as the benchmark for comparison to identify the environmental impact margins that need to be bridged in the future through process improvements. © 2018, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
date: 2018
publisher: Springer
official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069672069&doi=10.1007%2fs41660-018-0052-3&partnerID=40&md5=b4e23608ee548f12b4db5c9441cc98b1
id_number: 10.1007/s41660-018-0052-3
full_text_status: none
publication: Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainability
volume: 2
number: 4
pagerange: 343-351
refereed: TRUE
issn: 25094238
citation:   Chan, Y.H. and Tan, R.R. and Yusup, S. and Quitain, A.T. and Loh, S.K. and Uemura, Y.  (2018) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Production and Fractionation of Bio-Oil Derived from Palm Kernel Shell: a Gate-to-Gate Case Study.  Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainability, 2 (4).  pp. 343-351.  ISSN 25094238