@inproceedings{scholars9476,
           title = {CFD simulations of convective heat transfer in actively heated tube bundle},
          volume = {458},
            note = {cited By 1; Conference of 5th International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials, ICPEAM 2018 ; Conference Date: 13 August 2018 Through 14 August 2018; Conference Code:143521},
          number = {1},
             doi = {10.1088/1757-899X/458/1/012065},
       publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing},
         journal = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering},
            year = {2018},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059367116&doi=10.1088\%2f1757-899X\%2f458\%2f1\%2f012065&partnerID=40&md5=ac6a3af691cde1c1878a1efcd4d38c40},
        keywords = {Computational fluid dynamics; Crude oil; Flow velocity; Petroleum transportation; Process engineering; Two phase flow, Computational fluid dynamics simulations; Convective heat transfer; Hydrate formation; Production fluids; Solid deposition; Temperature contours; Temperature drops; Three-dimensional model, Heat convection},
        abstract = {Active heating is used as a flow assurance technique to prevent the huge temperature drop of crude oil while transporting from wells to facilities, which creates a friendly environment for hydrate formation and solid depositions. In the present study, convective heat transfer in tube bundle with three internal tubes was investigated through computational fluid dynamics simulation. A three dimensional model for existing bundle was developed. The model described the heat transfer occurring inside the bundle, aiming to heat up or at least maintain the production fluid temperature. The heat transfer from heating pipe to the whole bundle can be visualized through the temperature contours and the temperature gradient at the outlets. The effect of heating medium temperature and flow velocity are studied in the developed model. {\^A}{\copyright} Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.},
          author = {Karar, O. and Emani, S. and Gounder, R. M. and Mukhtar, H.},
            issn = {17578981}
}