%0 Journal Article
%@ 09608524
%A Bokhari, A.
%A Yusup, S.
%A Chuah, L.F.
%A Klemeš, J.J.
%A Asif, S.
%A Ali, B.
%A Akbar, M.M.
%A Kamil, R.N.M.
%D 2017
%F scholars:9347
%I Elsevier Ltd
%J Bioresource Technology
%K Cavitation; Fluid dynamics; Hydrodynamics; Oils and fats; Orifices; Rate constants, Hydrodynamic cavitations; Interesterification; Optimisations; Process intensification; Rubber seed oil, Rubber, acetic acid; rubber; rubber seed oil methyl ester; unclassified drug; vegetable oil; rubber, catalyst; cavitation; hydrodynamics; optimization; reaction rate; response surface methodology; rubber, Article; catalyst; controlled study; geometry; Hevea brasiliensis; hydrodynamic cavitation system; hydrodynamics; interesterification; nonhuman; plant seed; pressure; priority journal; rate constant; reaction analysis; reaction time; reactor; response surface method; catalysis; Hevea; hydrodynamics; plant seed, Hevea brasiliensis, Catalysis; Hevea; Hydrodynamics; Plant Oils; Rubber; Seeds
%P 272-282
%R 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.046
%T Pilot scale intensification of rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) oil via chemical interesterification using hydrodynamic cavitation technology
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/9347/
%V 242
%X Chemical interesterification of rubber seed oil has been investigated for four different designed orifice devices in a pilot scale hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) system. Upstream pressure within 1�3.5 bar induced cavities to intensify the process. An optimal orifice plate geometry was considered as plate with 1 mm dia hole having 21 holes at 3 bar inlet pressure. The optimisation results of interesterification were revealed by response surface methodology; methyl acetate to oil molar ratio of 14:1, catalyst amount of 0.75 wt. and reaction time of 20 min at 50 °C. HC is compared to mechanical stirring (MS) at optimised values. The reaction rate constant and the frequency factor of HC were 3.4-fold shorter and 3.2-fold higher than MS. The interesterified product was characterised by following EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751 international standards. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
%Z cited By 45