@article{scholars8877,
           title = {A numerical investigation of the drag forces on a fleet of underwater gliders},
             doi = {10.1166/asl.2017.8371},
          number = {2},
            note = {cited By 1},
          volume = {23},
           pages = {1272--1276},
       publisher = {American Scientific Publishers},
         journal = {Advanced Science Letters},
            year = {2017},
            issn = {19366612},
          author = {Prakasan, A. and Ovinis, M. and Javaid, M. Y.},
        abstract = {Land vehicle platooning improves the overall fuel economy of the fleet by decreasing its total air resistance. In this work, we investigate the drag forces on a five-glider fleet of underwater gliders, both in a conventional {\^a}??V{\^a}?? and an alternative, more compact, 3D {\^a}??V{\^a}?? formation. In addition, the effect of transverse, longitudinal and vertical separation of these gliders on the drag forces is studied. Our study uses ANSYS Fluent with Re- Normalization Group (RNG) k-epsilon model with non-equilibrium wall function as the turbulence model. Based on the simulation results, a low drag of 2.7 N, similar that achieved in a {\^a}??V{\^a}?? formation, can be achieved with the more compact 3D {\^a}??V{\^a}?? formation, which has a smaller footprint. The lowest drag was achieved at 1.1 m longitudinal and transverse separation with 0.2 m vertical separation for a 1.03 m glider with a 0.28 m diameter and 0.98 m wingspan. {\^A}{\copyright} 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015794902&doi=10.1166\%2fasl.2017.8371&partnerID=40&md5=1dd77662e01428d6a1968d20b2512e8b}
}