@inproceedings{scholars861,
             doi = {10.1109/APCCAS.2010.5775070},
         address = {Kuala Lumpur},
            note = {cited By 4; Conference of 2010 Asia Pacific Conference on Circuit and System, APCCAS 2010 ; Conference Date: 6 December 2010 Through 9 December 2010; Conference Code:85160},
           title = {A comparative analysis of integration schemes for UMTS and WLAN networks},
            year = {2010},
           pages = {92--95},
         journal = {IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, Proceedings, APCCAS},
        keywords = {4G networks; Bandwidth-intensive applications; Comparative analysis; Coverage area; Data rates; Geographical area; High data rate; Integration mechanisms; Integration scheme; Low costs; Packet-based networks; Strong demand; Tight coupling; tight/loose coupling; UMTS networks; UMTS-WLAN; Wireless client; WLAN networks, Electric network analysis; Heterogeneous networks, Integration},
            isbn = {9781424474561},
          author = {Rizvi, S. and Aziz, A. and Saad, N. M. and Samir, B. B.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79959194544&doi=10.1109\%2fAPCCAS.2010.5775070&partnerID=40&md5=a88c8e41b720e4020ff10498e1e1b365},
        abstract = {To provide service anywhere and at anytime, there is a strong demand for integration of two promising technologies; UMTS and WLAN. By integrating these two, the user can have the benefits of using both technologies. The WLAN is capable of providing high data rate at low cost. However, its services are limited to a small geographical area. UMTS networks coverage area is wider, however, cost is high and the data rate provided does not fulfill the requirements of bandwidth intensive applications. Integration of these two technologies can provide ubiquitous connectivity and high data rate to wireless clients. This paper focuses on the different integration mechanisms of tight coupling i.e. connecting WLAN with GGSN and SGSN at the UMTS core packet based network. Moreover, it has been observed that the performance of G GSN-WLAN integration is better than SGSN-WLAN integration mechanism for all the applied services. {\^A}{\copyright} 2010 IEEE.}
}