eprintid: 8572 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/00/85/72 datestamp: 2023-11-09 16:20:29 lastmod: 2023-11-09 16:20:29 status_changed: 2023-11-09 16:12:58 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Sarwono, A. creators_name: Man, Z. creators_name: Muhammad, N. creators_name: Khan, A.S. creators_name: Hamzah, W.S.W. creators_name: Rahim, A.H.A. creators_name: Ullah, Z. creators_name: Wilfred, C.D. title: A new approach of probe sonication assisted ionic liquid conversion of glucose, cellulose and biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ispublished: pub keywords: Catalysts; Cellulose; Glucose; Ionic liquids; Isomerization; Mixtures; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Ship conversion; Sonication; Ultrasonic applications, 5 hydroxymethyl furfurals; Conventional heating; Glucose conversion; Platform chemicals; Probe sonication; Process parameters; Ultrasonic treatments; Ultrasound irradiation, Probes, 5 hydroxymethylfurfural; ionic liquid; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; cellulose; furfural; glucose; ionic liquid, Article; biomass; carbon nuclear magnetic resonance; catalyst; chemical structure; heating; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrolysis; isomerization; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; particle size; priority journal; reaction time; room temperature; ultrasound; analogs and derivatives; catalysis; chemistry, Biomass; Catalysts; Chemical Reactions; Furfural; Glucose; Heating, Biomass; Catalysis; Cellulose; Furaldehyde; Glucose; Ionic Liquids; Sonication note: cited By 62 abstract: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been identified as a promising biomass-derived platform chemical. In this study, one pot production of HMF was studied in ionic liquid (IL) under probe sonication technique. Compared with the conventional heating technique, the use of probe ultrasonic irradiation reduced the reaction time from hours to minutes. Glucose, cellulose and local bamboo, treated with ultrasonic, produced HMF in the yields of 43, 31 and 13 respectively, within less than 10 min. The influence of various parameters such as acoustic power, reaction time, catalysts and glucose loading were studied. About 40 HMF yield at glucose conversion above 90 could be obtained with 2 of catalyst in 3 min. Negligible amount of soluble by-product was detected, and humin formation could be controlled by adjusting the different process parameters. Upon extraction of HMF, the mixture of ionic liquid and catalyst could be reused and exhibited no significant reduction of HMF yield over five successive runs. The purity of regenerated C4C1imCl and HMF was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, indicating neither changes in the chemical structure nor presence of any major contaminants during the conversion under ultrasonic treatment. 13C NMR suggests that C4C1imCl/CrCl3 catalyses mutarotation of α-glucopyranose to β-glucopyranose leading to isomerization and finally conversion to HMF. The experimental results demonstrate that the use of probe sonication technique for conversion to HMF provides a positive process benefit. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. date: 2017 publisher: Elsevier B.V. official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85010782631&doi=10.1016%2fj.ultsonch.2017.01.028&partnerID=40&md5=16d8630fa72b85a79e08c6270b16ca07 id_number: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.01.028 full_text_status: none publication: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry volume: 37 pagerange: 310-319 refereed: TRUE issn: 13504177 citation: Sarwono, A. and Man, Z. and Muhammad, N. and Khan, A.S. and Hamzah, W.S.W. and Rahim, A.H.A. and Ullah, Z. and Wilfred, C.D. (2017) A new approach of probe sonication assisted ionic liquid conversion of glucose, cellulose and biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 37. pp. 310-319. ISSN 13504177