@article{scholars8378,
             doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.137},
          volume = {162},
            note = {cited By 90},
           title = {Properties of nano-silica-modified self-compacting engineered cementitious composites},
            year = {2017},
           pages = {1225--1238},
       publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
         journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
        keywords = {Compressive strength; Elastic moduli; Energy absorption; Mixtures; Multiobjective optimization; Shrinkage; Surface properties, Cementitious composites; Drying shrinkages; Engineered cementitious composite (ECC); Fresh and hardened properties; High-performance fibres; Nano Silica; Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA); Response surface methodology, Silica},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85024130913&doi=10.1016\%2fj.jclepro.2017.06.137&partnerID=40&md5=24f9b2a49d93e090fbe1c33d28738e6f},
        abstract = {An engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a type of high-performance fibre-reinforced composite developed based on micromechanical principles. To improve the modulus of elasticity and minimise the drying shrinkage in self-compacting (SC) ECC without adversely affecting its ductility, nano-silica (NS) is included in the cementitious composite. Twenty SC-ECC mixtures were proportioned, cast, cured, and tested to determine the fresh and hardened properties by using two variables: polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber and NS particles. Five levels of NS (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4) and four levels of PVA (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2) were considered. A response surface methodology was used to conduct multi-objective optimisation and develop mix proportions that produce the best response to the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and energy absorption. It was found that mixtures with 2 PVA and 1.89 NS produce the most desirable responses. {\^A}{\copyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
            issn = {09596526},
          author = {Mohammed, B. S. and Achara, B. E. and Nuruddin, M. F. and Yaw, M. and Zulkefli, M. Z.}
}