TY  - JOUR
ID  - scholars8200
KW  - nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; urea; nitrogen; phosphorus; urea
KW  -  evapotranspiration; experimental design; growth; nutrient budget; phytoremediation; pollutant removal; seedling; urea; wastewater; wastewater treatment
KW  -  Article; controlled study; dry weight; evapotranspiration; leaf surface; nonhuman; nutrient content; phytoremediation; plant growth; seedling; surface area; Tectona grandis; waste water management; bioremediation; plant; waste water
KW  -  Tectona grandis
KW  -  Biodegradation
KW  -  Environmental; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Plants; Urea; Waste Water
N2  - Application of urea manufacturing wastewater to teak (Tectona grandis) trees, a fast growing tropical timber plants, is an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective alternative for treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater. However, the plant growth is strongly limited by lack of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) elements when the plants are irrigated with wastewater containing high concentration of nitrogen (N). A greenhouse experiment was conducted to optimize the efficiency of teak-based remediation systems in terms of nutrient balance. Twelve test solutions consisted of 4 levels of P (95, 190, 570, 1140 mgLâ??1) and 3 levels of K (95, 190, 570 mgLâ??1) with a constant level of N (190 mgLâ??1) were applied to teak seedlings every four days during the study period. Evapotranspiration rate, nutrient removal percentage, leaf surface area, dry weight and nutrient contents of experimental plants were determined and compared with those grown in control solution containing only N (N:P:K = 1:0:0). Teak seedlings grown in units with 1:0.5:1 N:P:K ratio were highly effective at nutrient removal upto 47, 48 and 49 for N, P and K, respectively. Removal efficiency of teak plants grown in other experimental units decreased with increasing P and K concentrations in test solutions. The lowest nutrient removal and plant growth were recorded in units with 1:6:0.5 N:P:K ratio which received the highest ratio of P to K. The findings indicated that teak seedlings functioned effectively as phytoremediation plants for N-rich wastewater treatment when they were being supplied with proper concentrations of P and K. © 2017
Y1  - 2017///
VL  - 202
A1  - Yavari, S.
A1  - Malakahmad, A.
A1  - Sapari, N.B.
A1  - Yavari, S.
A1  - Khan, E.
JF  - Journal of Environmental Management
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85025111235&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2017.07.030&partnerID=40&md5=b4d5339142e23daaa322565da5fdff3e
AV  - none
TI  - Nutrient balancing for phytoremediation enhancement of urea manufacturing raw wastewater
SP  - 225
N1  - cited By 4
PB  - Academic Press
SN  - 03014797
EP  - 231
ER  -