%I Electromagnetics Academy
%V 2017-N
%A K.S. Zaidi
%A V. Jeoti
%A M. Drieberg
%A A. Awang
%A A. Iqbal
%T Long-range mobile communication over sea utilizing evaporation duct
%P 846-850
%K Boats; Ducts; Evaporation; Receiving antennas; Signal receivers; Wireless telecommunication systems, High-speed wireless communication; Microwave communications; Mobile communications; Parabolic Equations; Received signals; Receiver antennas; Signal propagation; Tropical regions, Mobile telecommunication systems
%X High-speed wireless communication over sea is either limited due to the lack of tall infrastructure on sea to provide line-of-sight (LOS) based microwave communication or because the cellular network on land is unable to extend connectivity over vast sea area beyond LOS. Evaporation duct has very high percentage of occurrence in the tropical regions of the World such as Malaysia. If a signal is trapped in the evaporation duct, it can propagate beyond the horizon, achieving long-range distances with very less attenuation. Where many researchers have explored fixed point-to-point (PTP) signal propagation utilizing evaporation duct, we have performed experiment to show that a link between a fixed transmitter on land and a mobile receiver on boat can be established over sea. Statistical analysis of measured received signal level (RSL) on a mobile boat is shown for up to 64 km distance, which is beyond LOS considering a very low height of the receiver antenna. Pathloss exponent is calculated and factors affecting mobile communication over sea are also discussed. Using pathloss exponent, simplified model pathloss is determined and compared with average measured pathloss, free space and parabolic equation based pathloss. © 2018 Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.
%L scholars8140
%J Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium
%O cited By 7; Conference of 2017 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall, PIERS - FALL 2017 ; Conference Date: 19 November 2017 Through 22 November 2017; Conference Code:134703
%R 10.1109/PIERS-FALL.2017.8293252
%D 2017