%0 Journal Article
%@ 19961073
%A El-Adawy, M.
%A Heikal, M.R.
%A Aziz, A.R.A.
%A Siddiqui, M.I.
%A Munir, S.
%D 2017
%F scholars:8079
%I MDPI AG
%J Energies
%K Direct injection; Engines; Principal component analysis; Velocity measurement, Experimental investigations; Flow bench; Gasoline direct injection engines; GDI engine; Particle image velocimetries; Proper orthogonal decompositions; Steady-state condition; Tumble motion, Flow structure
%N 12
%R 10.3390/en10121950
%T Characterization of the inlet port flow under steady-state conditions using PIV and POD
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/8079/
%V 10
%X The current study demonstrates an experimental investigation of the tumble flow structures using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) under steady-state conditions considering the central vertical tumble plane. The experiments were carried out on a four-valve, pent-roof Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine head at different valve lifts and with a pressure difference of 150 mmH2O across the intake valves. Furthermore, the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) analytical technique was applied to PIV-measured velocity vector maps to characterize the flow structures at various valve lifts, and hence the different rig tumble values. The results show that at low valve lifts (1 to 5 mm), 48.9 to 46.6 of the flow energy is concentrated in the large (mode 1) eddies with only 8.4 to 11.46 in mode 2 and 7.2 to 7.5 in mode 3. At high valve lifts, it can be clearly seen that some of the energy in the large eddies of mode 1 is transferred to the smaller flow structures of modes 2 and 3. This can be clearly seen at valve lift 10 mm where the values of the flow energy were 40.6, 17.3, and 8.0 for modes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. © 2017 by the authors.
%Z cited By 29