TY  - CONF
EP  - 436
VL  - 148
A1  - Herman, A.P.
A1  - Yusup, S.
A1  - Shahbaz, M.
A1  - Patrick, D.O.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013874999&doi=10.1016%2fj.proeng.2016.06.447&partnerID=40&md5=f57cc10d1a04666c987de5d9cf153371
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
SN  - 18777058
Y1  - 2016///
TI  - Bottom Ash Characterization and its Catalytic Potential in Biomass Gasification
ID  - scholars7500
SP  - 432
KW  - Ash handling; Ashes; Biomass; Catalysts; Fossil fuels; Gasification; Pore size; Process engineering; Silicate minerals
KW  -  Biomass Gasification; Bottom ash; Bulk density; Catalytic potential; Commercial applications; Commercial catalyst; Steam gasification; Surface area
KW  -  Characterization
N2  - Biomass gasification has received much attention in recent years due to efforts in finding alternatives to fossil fuels. However the inefficiencies of the process and also the by-product produced during the gasification makes this process unsuitable for commercial applications. Thus, catalyst is used to improve the product gas quality and to reduce the tar formation. Commercial catalyst such as dolomite, nickel and olivine are widely used in biomass steam gasification, but it has limitation such as short active lifetime and expensive. The potential of the bottom ash as the substitute catalyst in biomass steam gasification is discussed, thus the characterization of the bottom ash is performed to determine the surface morphology, chemical compound, pore size, pore volume, surface area and bulk density of the bottom ash. The result shows that the bottom ash contains elements such as SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CaO and MgO which have been used as the catalyst in biomass steam gasification. The pore volume of the bottom ash is 3.01 nm which falls into mesoporous category and the pore volume is 0.04 cm3/g with surface area of 58.01 m2/g and bulk density of 2.53 g/cm. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
N1  - cited By 42; Conference of 4th International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials, ICPEAM 2016 ; Conference Date: 15 August 2016 Through 17 August 2016; Conference Code:131138
AV  - none
ER  -