@article{scholars730,
            note = {cited By 92},
          volume = {148},
          number = {2-3},
             doi = {10.1016/j.cej.2008.09.010},
           title = {Sorption of cadmium from aqueous solution by surfactant-modified carbon adsorbents},
            year = {2009},
         journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal},
           pages = {365--370},
          author = {Nadeem, M. and Shabbir, M. and Abdullah, M. A. and Shah, S. S. and McKay, G.},
            issn = {13858947},
        abstract = {Sorption capacities for cadmium, Cd(II) on indigenously prepared, steam activated, untreated, surfactant-modified carbon powder, from husk and pods of Moringa oleifera were investigated. The optimized conditions for all the experimental runs were pH 8.0 {\^A}{$\pm$} 0.2, temperature 30 {\^A}{$\pm$} 0.5 {\^A}oC, contact time 120 min, agitation speed 160 rpm, initial metal concentration 30 mg L-1 and adsorbent dosage 1.0 g L-1, respectively. Maximum Cd(II) removal, 98.0 was observed when cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), cationic surfactant-treated carbon was used as an adsorbent. The Cd(II) removal percentages for sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), anionic surfactant, Triton X-100 (non-ionic surfactant) treated and untreated powder activated carbons were found to be 95.60, 81.50 and 73.36, respectively. SEM images and BET surface area, porosity and pore volume measurements have revealed that surfactant-treated carbons have superior porosity and enhanced surface area than untreated carbons. The sorption data were correlated better with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm than Freundlich isotherm with R2 values ranging from 0.91 to 0.98. {\^A}{\copyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-61849132327&doi=10.1016\%2fj.cej.2008.09.010&partnerID=40&md5=ea153fb5fe72d2764f726d6e6e242924},
        keywords = {Adsorbents; Adsorption; Ammonium compounds; Anionic surfactants; Cadmium; Cadmium compounds; Cationic surfactants; Charcoal; Chemical modification; Diffusers (optical); Dyes; Isotherms; Metal recovery; Powder metals, Adsorbent dosages; Agitation speed; Aqueous solutions; BET surface area; Carbon adsorbents; Carbon powders; Cetyl tri methyl ammonium bromides; Contact time; Enhanced surfaces; Freundlich isotherms; Langmuir adsorption isotherms; Metal concentrations; Moringa oleifera; Non-ionic surfactants; Optimized conditions; Powder activated carbons; SEM images; Sodium dodecyl sulphate; Sorption capacities; Sorption datum; Surfactants; Triton x-100, Activated carbon, Moringa oleifera}
}