relation: https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/7120/
title: Extraction of biocompatible hydroxyapatite from fish scales using novel approach of ionic liquid pretreatment
creator: Muhammad, N.
creator: Gao, Y.
creator: Iqbal, F.
creator: Ahmad, P.
creator: Ge, R.
creator: Nishan, U.
creator: Rahim, A.
creator: Gonfa, G.
creator: Ullah, Z.
description: In this study the waste fish scales (FS) were dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid to obtain a valuable product of hydroxyapatite (HAp). The HAp was obtained in the yield of 32 ± 2. The obtained HAp was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-rays Diffraction (PXRD), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emission Scanning Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The results of FTIR and XRD showed the characteristic peaks of the HAp. The thermal degradation temperature of the extracted HAp was relatively high. Furthermore, low weight loss was measured which confirmed the removal of organic part of FS during ionic liquid treatment. The FE-SEM result showed the particles with different morphologies and EDX analysis showed a Ca/P ratio of 1.60 for the extracted HAp. The biocompatibility of the extracted HAp was assessed through MTT cell viability assay using known Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells (HEK cells) and epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431 cells). © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
publisher: Elsevier
date: 2016
type: Article
type: PeerReviewed
identifier:   Muhammad, N. and Gao, Y. and Iqbal, F. and Ahmad, P. and Ge, R. and Nishan, U. and Rahim, A. and Gonfa, G. and Ullah, Z.  (2016) Extraction of biocompatible hydroxyapatite from fish scales using novel approach of ionic liquid pretreatment.  Separation and Purification Technology, 161.  pp. 129-135.  ISSN 13835866     
relation: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84956934336&doi=10.1016%2fj.seppur.2016.01.047&partnerID=40&md5=c4d0bbcf962f056f2cc466589bebd17e
relation: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.047
identifier: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.047