TY  - JOUR
EP  - 197
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
SN  - 13640321
TI  - Microalgae biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuel for power generation
SP  - 180
N1  - cited By 421
AV  - none
VL  - 58
JF  - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
A1  - Milano, J.
A1  - Ong, H.C.
A1  - Masjuki, H.H.
A1  - Chong, W.T.
A1  - Lam, M.K.
A1  - Loh, P.K.
A1  - Vellayan, V.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84954160051&doi=10.1016%2fj.rser.2015.12.150&partnerID=40&md5=6553d84a4800f7a3bd6c62ccd815f28a
Y1  - 2016///
ID  - scholars7071
KW  - Alternative fuels; Biofuels; Biomass; Carbon dioxide; Crude oil; Global warming; Microorganisms; Petroleum transportation
KW  -  Alternative to fossil fuels; Biofuel production; Carbon dioxide mitigation; Conversion process; Current production; High potential; Micro-algae; Power- generations; Production technology; Renewable energies
KW  -  Microalgae
N2  - Biofuels productions from microalgae received wide attention recently and have high potential to replace fossil fuels. This paper served as a platform to critically review current production technologies of microalgae, ranging from cultivation, harvesting, extraction and several biofuels conversion processes. In addition, due to the high photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae, mass cultivation of microalgae is believed to be able to efficiently reduce the carbon dioxide emission to atmosphere and thus, reducing the impact of global warming. This is because microalgae have high growth rate and is able to develop maximum of 70 of lipid content within their cells depending on species. Apart from that, microalgae have the ability to survive under harsh condition and occupied smaller cultivation land area than other land crops. The harvested microalgae biomass can be used for electrical generation, while its crude lipid can be used as transportation fuel as it has 80 average energy content of petroleum. In the present paper, a detailed discussion to produce biodiesel, fuel gas, bio-oil, methane, hydrogen and alcohol from microalgae biomass are also included. Besides, updated research, challenges and the way forward of microalgae biofuels are also presented. In future, biofuels production from microalgae can be economical viable at some scale, which is then profitable in terms of economics and also environment. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ER  -