%0 Journal Article
%@ 09608524
%A Lieu, T.
%A Yusup, S.
%A Moniruzzaman, M.
%D 2016
%F scholars:6958
%I Elsevier Ltd
%J Bioresource Technology
%K Activation energy; Biodiesel; Catalysts; Esterification; Esters; Kinetics; Microwave devices; Microwaves; Oils and fats; Reaction kinetics, Esterification of free fatty acids; Esterification reactions; Free fatty acid; High free fatty acids; High-quality products; Microwave technology; Pre-Treatment; Second-order reaction, Fatty acids, biodiesel; fatty acid; sulfuric acid; vegetable oil; biofuel; vegetable oil, activation energy; biofuel; chemical reaction; dicotyledon; fatty acid; microwave radiation; oil; reaction kinetics; seed, Article; catalyst; energy; esterification; kapok; kinetic parameters; kinetics; microwave radiation; priority journal; rate constant; reaction analysis; reaction time; temperature; Ceiba; chemistry; esterification; metabolism; plant seed, Ceiba pentandra, Biofuels; Ceiba; Esterification; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Kinetics; Microwaves; Plant Oils; Seeds
%P 248-256
%R 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.105
%T Kinetic study on microwave-assisted esterification of free fatty acids derived from Ceiba pentandra Seed Oil
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/6958/
%V 211
%X Recently, a great attention has been paid to advanced microwave technology that can be used to markedly enhance the biodiesel production process. Ceiba pentandra Seed Oil containing high free fatty acids (FFA) was utilized as a non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production. Microwave-assisted esterification pretreatment was conducted to reduce the FFA content for promoting a high-quality product in the next step. At optimum condition, the conversion was achieved 94.43 using 2 wt of sulfuric acid as catalyst where as 20.83 conversion was attained without catalyst. The kinetics of this esterification reaction was also studied to determine the influence of factors on the rate of reaction and reaction mechanisms. The results indicated that microwave-assisted esterification was of endothermic second-order reaction with the activation energy of 53.717 kJ/mol. © 2016.
%Z cited By 49