eprintid: 6859 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/00/68/59 datestamp: 2023-11-09 16:18:39 lastmod: 2023-11-09 16:18:39 status_changed: 2023-11-09 16:07:51 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Foulet, A. creators_name: Ghanem, O.B. creators_name: El-Harbawi, M. creators_name: Lévêque, J.-M. creators_name: Mutalib, M.I.A. creators_name: Yin, C.-Y. title: Understanding the physical properties, toxicities and anti-microbial activities of choline-amino acid-based salts: Low-toxic variants of ionic liquids ispublished: pub keywords: Amino acids; Aquatic organisms; Fish; Ionic liquids; Liquids; Thermal expansion; Volatile organic compounds, Acute toxicity test; Anti-microbial activity; Choline; Effective concentration; Human pathogens; Ionic liquid (ils); Natural water bodies; Thermal expansion coefficients, Toxicity note: cited By 39 abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) are often touted as potential 'green' substitutes for volatile organic compounds in process chemistry. However, their often high solubility in water limits their applications since discharge of spent ILs into natural water bodies may have significant detrimental eco-toxicological consequences for aquatic organisms. This is especially true for most imidazolium and pyrdinium based ILs which have been proven as toxic to aquatic life organisms. The challenge is therefore to synthesize ILs which exhibit inherently low aquatic toxicity. In the present work, five choline based ILs pairing five different amino acid anions ChoAA have been synthesized and characterized. Their thermal stability, density, viscosity and thermal expansion coefficient were reported. The toxicity behavior of a synthesized ILs were investigated on guppy fish (Poecilia reticulate) and three microbial species. Fish acute toxicity test reveal that the studied ILs could be classified as non-toxic while their 50% effective concentrations (EC50) were found to be comparable to the least toxic imidazolium-based ILs. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. date: 2016 publisher: Elsevier B.V. official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84971513930&doi=10.1016%2fj.molliq.2016.05.046&partnerID=40&md5=6bcff2d0e8b6368a699dd2d8572fa1fa id_number: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.05.046 full_text_status: none publication: Journal of Molecular Liquids volume: 221 pagerange: 133-138 refereed: TRUE issn: 01677322 citation: Foulet, A. and Ghanem, O.B. and El-Harbawi, M. and Lévêque, J.-M. and Mutalib, M.I.A. and Yin, C.-Y. (2016) Understanding the physical properties, toxicities and anti-microbial activities of choline-amino acid-based salts: Low-toxic variants of ionic liquids. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 221. pp. 133-138. ISSN 01677322