TY  - JOUR
N2  - The production of biodiesel from waste palm cooking oil using acidic ionic liquid as a catalyst was investigated. Generally, alkaline based catalysts are used to catalyze the transesterification reaction, but for waste cooking oil where it contains high free fatty acids, direct usage is not possible due to separation of layers and saponification problems. In this study, a two-step process i.e. esterification and transesterification was performed. The ionic liquid butyl-methyl imidazolium hydrogensulfate (BMIMHSO4) was found to be effective due to its longer side chain. The highest biodiesel Yield was obtained with 5wt. BMIMHSO4, methanol:oil of 15:1, 60min reaction time, at 160°C, and agitation speed of 600rpm, reduced the waste cooking oil acid value lower than 1.0mg KOH/g. The second step of transesterification catalyzed by KOH at 60°C, 1.0wt. and 60min of reaction time. The final yield was 95.65wt.. The synthesized biodiesel was analysed by 1H NMR, FTIR TGA and GC, and its physiochemical properties were determined by standard ASTM methods. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
ID  - scholars5958
KW  - Biodiesel; Catalysts; Esterification; Esters; Fatty acids; Liquids; Oil shale; Oils and fats; Palm oil; Synthetic fuels; Transesterification
KW  -  Acidic ionic liquids; Biodiesel production; High free fatty acids; Hydrogensulfate; Physio-chemical properties; Transesterification reaction; Two-step process; Waste cooking oil
KW  -  Ionic liquids
KW  -  biofuel; catalyst; fatty acid; methanol; physicochemical property
A1  - Ullah, Z.
A1  - Bustam, M.A.
A1  - Man, Z.
JF  - Renewable Energy
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84920903293&doi=10.1016%2fj.renene.2014.12.040&partnerID=40&md5=da1e49312a93b6f085563500d68ce831
VL  - 77
Y1  - 2015///
N1  - cited By 156
SP  - 521
TI  - Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil by acidic ionic liquid as a catalyst
AV  - none
EP  - 526
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
SN  - 09601481
ER  -