@article{scholars5501,
           pages = {566--570},
         journal = {Key Engineering Materials},
       publisher = {Trans Tech Publications Ltd},
            year = {2014},
         address = {Bandung},
           title = {Dynamic contact angle of modified biopolymer droplet on urea surface: Temperature effects},
             doi = {10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.594-595.566},
            note = {cited By 1; Conference of 2013 International Conference on Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology, ICAMET 2013 ; Conference Date: 28 November 2013 Through 29 November 2013; Conference Code:101903},
          volume = {594-59},
        abstract = {The droplet impact behaviour provides the particle coating characterization during the coating process of controlled release fertiliser. To have a good coating uniformity around the urea granules, it is necessary to enhance the wettabitily properties between the coating material and urea surface. The biopolymer material is preferred as the coating material because this polymer may degrade and will not cause any environmental impact to the environment. Various compositions of starch/urea /borate/lignin were prepared and evaluated for the wettability properties. The wettability characteristic measured is the dynamic contact angle. The high speed Charged-Couple Device (CCD) camera was used to capture the images of this droplet impact behaviour. Temperature plays an important factor during wetting stage because the coating material must be completely dried in continuous coating process in fluidised bed. From this analysis, it indicates that a composition of starch/urea/ borate (50/15/2.5) with 10 lignin has the best wettability characteristic and thus suitable to be used as a coating material. The ideal temperature for the coating process is 60{\^A}oC. Copyright {\^A}{\copyright} 2014 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.},
        keywords = {Biomolecules; Biopolymers; Contact angle; Drops; Environmental impact; Fluidized beds; Metabolism; Plating; Rolling resistance; Starch; Temperature; Urea; Wetting, Charged couple device cameras; Coating material; Coating uniformity; Controlled release; Droplet spreading; Dynamic contact angle; Particle coatings; Wettability characteristics, Coatings},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84891838719&doi=10.4028\%2fwww.scientific.net\%2fKEM.594-595.566&partnerID=40&md5=8e7242924fea0d30058eb7e65ea15702},
            isbn = {9783037859377},
            issn = {10139826},
          author = {Samsudin, Y. N. and Kushaari, K. and Man, Z. and Sufian, S.}
}