TY  - JOUR
Y1  - 2014///
JF  - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
A1  - Lakshmanan, S.
A1  - Murugesan, T.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84899118585&doi=10.1007%2fs10098-013-0630-6&partnerID=40&md5=f14374dfdefefa11e24e7c01036e2084
VL  - 16
N2  - The chlor-alkali process has come a long way from the days of the diaphragm and mercury cell process to the present membrane cell process, with huge reduction in power consumption and hence its carbon footprint. Although there is reduction in the release of highly toxic mercury to the environment, there is increased release of less harmful substances such as chloride and chlorate because the membrane cell is less tolerant to contaminants, and hence requires higher purity brine. The technology providers have continued to improve upon the process to reduce power consumption and to reduce the plant's footprint. This review looks briefly at the three technologies and attempts to look at where we currently are at. All new chlor-alkali plants being built are of the membrane process. This review mentions some of the areas where improvements can be made to the membrane process. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
IS  - 2
ID  - scholars5410
KW  - Carbon footprint; Cells; Chlorine compounds; Cytology; Electric power utilization; Mercury (metal)
KW  -  Chlor-alkali; Chlor-alkali plants; Chlor-alkali process; Chlorate; Harmful substances; Membrane cells; Mercury-cell process; Technology providers
KW  -  Membranes
PB  - Springer Verlag
SN  - 1618954X
EP  - 234
AV  - none
N1  - cited By 78
SP  - 225
TI  - The chlor-alkali process: Work in Progress
ER  -