eprintid: 494 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/00/04/94 datestamp: 2023-11-09 15:16:08 lastmod: 2023-11-09 15:16:08 status_changed: 2023-11-09 15:14:41 type: conference_item metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Fadzil, M.H.A. creators_name: Nugroho, H.A. creators_name: Venkatachalam, P.A. creators_name: Nugroho, H. creators_name: Izhar, L.I. title: Determination of retinal pigments from fundus images using independent component analysis ispublished: pub keywords: Aldehydes; Biomedical engineering; Blood vessels; Eye protection; Image analysis; Image processing; Independent component analysis; Microcirculation; Ophthalmology; Optical data processing; Optical properties, Contrast Enhancement; Diabetic retinopathy; Foveal avascular zones; macular images; Macular pigments; Retinal blood vessels; Retinal layers; Retinal pigment, Image enhancement note: cited By 10 abstract: In the macular area, there are fovea and foveal avascular zone. Foveal avascular zone is the fovea devoid of capillaries. Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone is found to be related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Particular colours observed in the retinal image correspond to the optical properties of the pigments and the structure of the retinal layers. In this work, we use independent component analysis to determine retinal pigments from fundus images. The results show that independent component analysis can be used to determine retinal pigments, namely haemoglobin, melanin, and macular pigment. This technique allows us to determine retinal blood vessels and the macula based on the distribution of haemoglobin and macular pigment. Contrast enhancement factor of 3.5 for digital retinal images is achieved. This improvement in contrast reduces the need of applying contrasting agent on patients. © 2008 Springer-Verlag. date: 2008 publisher: Springer Verlag official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78349290722&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-540-69139-6_139&partnerID=40&md5=50846994df4c19e3087e07badd70364f id_number: 10.1007/978-3-540-69139-6₁₃₉ full_text_status: none publication: IFMBE Proceedings volume: 21 IFM number: 1 pagerange: 555-558 refereed: TRUE isbn: 9783540691389 issn: 16800737 citation: Fadzil, M.H.A. and Nugroho, H.A. and Venkatachalam, P.A. and Nugroho, H. and Izhar, L.I. (2008) Determination of retinal pigments from fundus images using independent component analysis. In: UNSPECIFIED.