@article{scholars4684,
            year = {2014},
           pages = {897--900},
         journal = {Applied Mechanics and Materials},
       publisher = {Trans Tech Publications Ltd},
             doi = {10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.625.897},
            note = {cited By 11; Conference of 3rd International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials, ICPEAM 2014 ; Conference Date: 3 June 2014 Through 5 June 2014; Conference Code:114811},
          volume = {625},
           title = {Biodiesel production from the high free fatty acid {\^a}??hevea brasiliensis{\^a}?? and fuel properties characterization},
            isbn = {9783038351818},
            issn = {16609336},
          author = {Ahmad, J. and Yusup, S. and Bokhari, A. and Kamil, R. N. M.},
        abstract = {Energy crises, depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs, environmental pollution, global warming, green house effect and starvation are becoming very serious problems in the modern world. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel which can be the best alternative for the fossil fuels. In this study, non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) with high free fatty acid (FFA) content (45) was used for the production of biodiesel. The process comprises of two steps, in the first step acid esterification was used to reduce the FFA and in the second step base transesterification was employed to convert the treated oil into rubber seed oil methyl esters (RSOMEs). The conversion yield of biodiesel was analyzed using gas chromatography. The fuel properties were tested using the standard procedure of ASTM D6751 and EN14214. All the properties were within the ranges of the biodiesel standards. The result shows that rubber seed oil is a potential non-edible source for biodiesel production. {\^A}{\copyright} 2014 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.},
        keywords = {Biodiesel; Characterization; Energy policy; Esterification; Esters; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Gas chromatography; Global warming; Oil shale; Oils and fats; Rubber, Acid esterification; Biodiesel production; Environmental pollutions; Fuel properties; High FFA; High free fatty acids; Non-edible oil; Standard procedures, Fatty acids},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84914171072&doi=10.4028\%2fwww.scientific.net\%2fAMM.625.897&partnerID=40&md5=9ac4bcee7f3767ac57491fa26465690d}
}