TY  - JOUR
AV  - none
N1  - cited By 61
SP  - 11351
TI  - A high resolution capacitive sensing system for the measurement of water content in crude oil
PB  - MDPI AG
SN  - 14248220
EP  - 11361
IS  - 7
N2  - This paper presents the design of a non-intrusive system to measure ultra-low water content in crude oil. The system is based on a capacitance to phase angle conversion method. Water content is measured with a capacitance sensor comprising two semi-cylindrical electrodes mounted on the outer side of a glass tube. The presence of water induces a capacitance change that in turn converts into a phase angle, with respect to a main oscillator. A differential sensing technique is adopted not only to ensure high immunity against temperature variation and background noise, but also to eliminate phase jitter and amplitude variation of the main oscillator that could destabilize the output. The complete capacitive sensing system was implemented in hardware and experiment results using crude oil samples demonstrated that a resolution of ±50 ppm of water content in crude oil was achieved by the proposed design. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
ID  - scholars4292
KW  - Capacitance; Crude oil; Water content
KW  -  Amplitude variations; Capacitance change; Capacitance sensors; Capacitive sensing; Conversion methods; Interface circuits; Sensing techniques; Temperature variation
KW  -  Sensors
Y1  - 2014///
A1  - Zubair, M.
A1  - Tang, T.B.
JF  - Sensors (Switzerland)
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84903398784&doi=10.3390%2fs140711351&partnerID=40&md5=f3ad57b4aca0ed9ccea9cec55b978ec3
VL  - 14
ER  -