@article{scholars3663,
           pages = {463--467},
           title = {Heat transfer modeling of metal deposition employing welding heat source},
         journal = {Applied Mechanics and Materials},
             doi = {10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.315.463},
            year = {2013},
          volume = {315},
            note = {cited By 6; Conference of 3rd International Conference on Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, ICME 2012 ; Conference Date: 20 November 2012 Through 21 November 2012; Conference Code:96646},
        abstract = {Gas Metal Arc welding (GMAW) has shown potential, for Layered Manufacturing (LM) of metallic components, due to its inherent feature of high inter-layer and metallurgical bonding. Residual Stress induced warping is a major concern in a variety of LM processes, particularly those seeking to build parts directly without post processing steps. The temperature distribution and remelting depth plays an important role in controlling residual stresses and distortion. This paper presents a 3D finite element based thermal model of a novel welding based deposition process as applied to LM. The model showed good agreement with experimental data. The results show that the process is not axis symmetric and a complete 3D model is required for accurate prediction of temperatures and deformation. {\^A}{\copyright} (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84876384731&doi=10.4028\%2fwww.scientific.net\%2fAMM.315.463&partnerID=40&md5=b990dfaa5765c3b32412257d14d80864},
        keywords = {3-D finite elements; Accurate prediction; Gas metal arc welding (GMAW); Heat transfer modeling; Inter-pass time; Metallurgical bonding; Solid free forms; Welding heat sources, Gas metal arc welding; Industrial engineering; Layered manufacturing; Residual stresses; Welding, Deposition},
            isbn = {9783037856352},
          author = {Fawad, H.},
            issn = {16609336}
}