%T Photodegradation of Orange II under visible light using Cu-Ni/TiO 2: Effect of calcination temperature
%V 185-18
%A N. Riaz
%A F.K. Chong
%A B.K. Dutta
%A Z.B. Man
%A M.S. Khan
%A E. Nurlaela
%P 108-119
%X The decolorization of Orange II was studied under visible light using bimetallic Cu-Ni/TiO 2 prepared via precipitation method. Photocatalysts with different Cu:Ni mass compositions were prepared and the effect of calcination temperatures on the Orange II removal was investigated. The raw photocatalysts were activated by calcination at three different temperatures (180°C, 200°C and 300°C) for 1h duration. Photocatalysts were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy, temperature programed reduction studies and surface area analysis employing Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method. The photocatalytic degradation of Orange II was performed under the irradiation of visible light (500W halogen lamp) at pH 6.8. The extent of Orange II degradation with initial concentration of 50ppm was monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy and at the end of the reaction, total organic carbon analysis (TOC) was conducted. Results from UV-Vis spectroscopy showed that high percentage of Orange II removal was achieved for Cu-Ni/TiO 2 photocatalysts calcined at 180°C and 200°C compared to 300°C. In addition, these photocatalysts also displayed lower TOC values as compared to the photocatalyst calcined at 300°C. The best performing Cu-Ni/TiO 2 photocatalyst has 9:1 Cu:Ni mass composition and calcined at 180°C giving 100 Orange II removal with 16.1ppm TOC value. Although the results from UV-Vis spectroscopy showed 100 Orange II removal, TOC analysis indicated the presence of organic compounds derived from the dye degradation process. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
%K Brunauer-emmet-teller methods; Calcination temperature; Cu-Ni/TiO 2; Diffuse reflectance-UV-vis; Dye degradation; Field emission scanning electron microscopy; Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy; Halogen lamps; Initial concentration; Mass composition; Orange II; Photocatalytic degradation of Orange II; Powder X ray diffraction; Precipitation methods; Reduction studies; Surface area analysis; TiO; Total Organic Carbon; Transition metal doping; UV-vis spectroscopy; Visible light, Azo dyes; Calcination; Degradation; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; Photocatalysis; Photodegradation; Precipitation (chemical); Thermogravimetric analysis; Titanium dioxide; Transition metals; Ultraviolet spectroscopy; Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy; X ray diffraction, Photocatalysts
%D 2012
%R 10.1016/j.cej.2012.01.052
%O cited By 145
%J Chemical Engineering Journal
%L scholars3046