%0 Journal Article
%@ 15334880
%A Yahya, N.
%A Zakariah, M.H.
%D 2012
%F scholars:2883
%J Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
%K Average diameter; Field emission scanning electron microscopy; Horizontal electric dipoles; Hydrocarbon exploration; Microwave methods; Optimum temperature; Sintering temperatures; Sintering time; SQUID magnetometers; Superconducting quantum interference; Superconducting state; Wave detectors; XRD; YBCO, Dewars; Electromagnetic logging; Electromagnetic waves; Fabrication; Field emission microscopes; Glass fibers; Liquid nitrogen; Magnetometers; Niobium; Shellfish; Sol-gel process; SQUIDs; Superconducting devices; X ray diffraction; Yttrium barium copper oxides, Sintering
%N 10
%P 8147-8152
%R 10.1166/jnn.2012.4527
%T Synthesis and characterization of YBa2Cu3O 7(Y123) via sol-gel method for development of superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/2883/
%V 12
%X Electromagnetic (EM) waves transmitted by Horizontal Electric Dipole (HED) source to detect contrasts in subsurface resistivity termed Seabed Logging (SBL) is now an established method for hydrocarbon exploration. However, currently used EM wave detectors for SBL have several challenges including the sensitivity and its bulk size. This work exploits the benefit of superconductor technology in developing a magnetometer termed Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) which can potentially be used for SBL. A SQUID magnetometer was fabricated using hexagon shape-niobium wire with YBa2Cu 3O7 (YBCO) as a barrier. The YBa2Cu 3O7 samples were synthesized by sol-gel method and were sintered using a furnace and conventional microwave oven. The YBCO gel was dried at 120 °C in air for 72 hours. It was then ground and divided into 12 parts. Four samples were sintered at 750 °C, 850 °C, 900 °C, and 950 °C for 12 hours in a furnace to find the optimum temperature. The other eight samples were sintered in a microwave with 1100 Watt (W) with a different sintering time, 5, 15, 45 minutes, 1 hour, 1 hour 15 minutes, 1 hour 30 minutes, 1 hour 45 minutes and 2 hours. A DEWAR container was designed and fabricated using fiberglass material. It was filled with liquid nitrogen (LN2) to ensure the superconducting state of the magnetometer. XRD results showed that the optimum sintering temperature for the formation of orthorhombic Y-123 phase was at 950 °C with the crystallite size of 67 nm. The morphology results from Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showed that the grains had formed a rod shape with an average diameter of 60 nm. The fabricated SQUID magnetometer was able to show an increment of approximately 249 in the intensity of the EM waves when the source receiver offset was one meter apart. Copyright © 2012 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.
%Z cited By 4