%0 Conference Paper
%A Hussain, N.
%A Karsiti, M.N.
%A Yahya, N.
%A Yahya, N.
%D 2012
%F scholars:2752
%K Controlled source; Deep Water; Finite difference; Forward modeling; Galerkin finite elements; Galerkin scheme; Governing equations; Grid techniques; Hydrocarbon reserves; Matrix solution techniques; Maxwell's equations; Region of interest; Salt domes; Saturated reservoirs; Simultaneous solution; Staggered grid; Staggered schemes, Electromagnetism; Finite difference method; Galerkin methods; Hydrocarbons; Maxwell equations; Salt deposits; Salt tectonics; Stratigraphy, Finite element method
%P 616-621
%R 10.1109/ICIAS.2012.6306088
%T 2D forward modeling of marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) data for salt-dome and stratigraphy trap reservoir
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/2752/
%V 2
%X The main elements of hydrocarbon saturated reservoirs are identified by using various geological survey techniques. For many years, marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) method is effectively being used for detection and observation of hydrocarbon reserves, either in shallow or deep water exploration. In this paper, 2D forward modeling is used to study electromagnetic (EM) field behavior in salt dome trap reservoir and stratigraphy trap reservoir. In this paper, we employs 2D forward modeling algorithm using finite difference (FD) method and finite element (FE) method to solve EM-field governing equations. The solution is achieved through i) applying staggered scheme for FD method, and ii) Galerkin scheme for Finite Element (FE) method. Both schemes used the optimal grid technique that extends the boundaries of the mesh outward from the region of interest using a minimal number of nodes, and direct matrix solution technique that allows for simultaneous solution for all sources. Results obtained for salt dome trap and stratigraphy trap shows the discrimination of EM signal for reservoir filled with hydrocarbon and without hydrocarbon. The obtained results can be used to verify the inversion of marine CSEM data. © 2011 IEEE.
%Z cited By 5; Conference of 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2012 ; Conference Date: 12 June 2012 Through 14 June 2012; Conference Code:93534