@inproceedings{scholars2733,
            year = {2012},
         journal = {ICIAS 2012 - 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems: A Conference of World Engineering, Science and Technology Congress (ESTCON) - Conference Proceedings},
           pages = {576--581},
            note = {cited By 2; Conference of 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2012 ; Conference Date: 12 June 2012 Through 14 June 2012; Conference Code:93534},
          volume = {2},
             doi = {10.1109/ICIAS.2012.6306081},
         address = {Kuala Lumpur},
           title = {Measurement of void fraction by using electrical capacitance sensor and differential pressure in air-water bubble flow},
          author = {Shafquet, A. and Ismail, I.},
            isbn = {9781457719677},
        keywords = {Air-water; Bubble flow; Differential pressures; Electrical capacitance sensor; Electrical Capacitance Tomography; Experimental studies; Flow loops; In-process; Individual components; Industrial accident; Industrial processs; Linear functions; Non-intrusive; Oil-and-Gas pipelines; Process tomography; Superficial gas velocities; Sustainable operations; Sweet corrosion; Waxy crude, Bubble columns; Chemical plants; Deionized water; Dielectric properties; Electric impedance tomography; Industrial hygiene; Occupational diseases; Void fraction, Two phase flow},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867951065&doi=10.1109\%2fICIAS.2012.6306081&partnerID=40&md5=85eb62c9fb0e143dcac8bb8c3e11781f},
        abstract = {Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a non-intrusive type of Process Tomography, which is used for obtaining information about the distribution of the contents of closed pipes by measuring variations in the dielectric properties of the material inside the vessel. In process industries, the measurement of void fraction is considerably important for sustainable operations. The erroneous calculation of void fraction is inevitably be the cause of many industrial accidents such as sweet corrosions in sub-sea oil and gas pipelines and an inefficient process control of chemical plants. The customary approach separates the two-phases first and then measures the mixture as individual components that results in the disruption of incessant industrial processes. Due to these limitations, this study is aimed to analyze a non-invasive, experimental study by using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) and differential pressure ({\^I}?P) technique on a flow loop. This paper presents the measurements of void fraction obtained from ECT and {\^I}?P using air and deionized water. Based on these measurements, the future work is to apply these techniques on the waxy crude in order to determine the void fraction. The estimation of void fraction in a bubble column via ECT and {\^I}?P shows the influence of superficial gas velocity on void fraction as a linear function. The outcome of the study could also be used to fully understand the phenomenon of void fraction in waxy crude based on varying the temperature and pressure. {\^A}{\copyright} 2011 IEEE.}
}