@article{scholars2226,
           pages = {1389--1395},
           title = {An efficient energy adaptive hybrid error correction technique for underwater wireless sensor networks},
         journal = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
            year = {2011},
          volume = {51},
            note = {cited By 3},
          author = {Babiker, A. E. and Zakaria, M. N. B. and Yosif, H. and Ibrahim, S. B.},
            issn = {2010376X},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871418005&partnerID=40&md5=53c195ac37b6cbac7ee906c712213ab0},
        keywords = {Acceptance rate; Acknowledgment packets; Adaptation algorithms; Channel conditions; Comparative studies; Correction techniques; Current channel condition; Encoding rates; Energy adaptive; Energy efficient; High probability; Hybrid techniques; Look up table; Packet size; Retransmissions; Underwater communication; Underwater networks; Underwater wireless sensor networks; Variable bit errors; Water currents, Algorithms; Data communication systems; Error correction; Feedback; Table lookup; Wireless sensor networks, Energy efficiency},
        abstract = {Variable channel conditions in underwater networks, and variable distances between sensors due to water current, leads to variable bit error rate (BER). This variability in BER has great effects on energy efficiency of error correction techniques used. In this paper an efficient energy adaptive hybrid error correction technique (AHECT) is proposed. AHECT adaptively changes error technique from pure retransmission (ARQ) in a low BER case to a hybrid technique with variable encoding rates (ARQ \& FEC) in a high BER cases. An adaptation algorithm depends on a precalculated packet acceptance rate (PAR) look-up table, current BER, packet size and error correction technique used is proposed. Based on this adaptation algorithm a periodically 3-bit feedback is added to the acknowledgment packet to state which error correction technique is suitable for the current channel conditions and distance. Comparative studies were done between this technique and other techniques, and the results show that AHECT is more energy efficient and has high probability of success than all those techniques.}
}