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primary topic: Methods used to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural ester insulating oils for transformers: a review

Methods used to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural ester insulating oils for transformers: a review
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: Natural ester insulating oils, derived from vegetable-based feedstocks, are increasingly regarded as sustainable alternatives to conventional mineral oils due to their high fire point, biodegradability, and lower environmental impact. However, their widespread adoption in high-voltage equipment is constrained by their inherent limitations, such as lower oxidation stability, higher viscosity, and poor low-temperature performance. In this review, the three principal enhancement strategies developed to address these shortcomings are examined. The use of antioxidants is analysed for its role in improving oxidative resistance and flow characteristics. Transesterification is evaluated as a chemical modification method to alter the molecular structure, thereby enhancing viscosity and thermal stability. Refining and adsorbent treatments are discussed with respect to oil purification and regeneration, emphasising their adsorption efficiency and influence on dielectric performance. A comparative evaluation of these methods highlights their relative effectiveness, scalability, and practical challenges in implementation. This review underscores that no single approach is sufficient, and a combination of different methods is desirable to achieve optimal performance. These insights provide researchers with clear directions for further investigation while offering practitioners a knowledge base to guide the selection and application of enhanced natural ester insulating oils for reliable, long-term transformer operation. © 2025, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved.
date: 2025
volume: 14
issue: 4
is part of: International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
status: peerReviewed
status: published
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository

Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama
type: Organization

International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
type: Collection
issn: 22528814

Norazhar Abu Bakar
type: Person
given name: Norazhar Abu
family name: Bakar

Mohd Shahril Ahmad Khiar
type: Person
given name: Mohd Shahril Ahmad
family name: Khiar

Sharin Ab Ghani
type: Person
given name: Sharin Ab
family name: Ghani

Imran Sutan Chairul
type: Person
given name: Imran Sutan
family name: Chairul

Muhammad Syahrani Johal
type: Person
given name: Muhammad Syahrani
family name: Johal

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primary topic: Methods used to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural ester insulating oils for transformers: a review