TY  - JOUR
TI  - Enhanced microalgal hydrogen production subsisting on visible light TiO2 nanotubes photocatalyst pre-treated palm kernel expeller
ID  - scholars19907
SP  - 1307
KW  - Biochemical oxygen demand; Biodegradability; Chlorine compounds; Electrolytes; Ethylene; Ethylene glycol; Fermentation; Hydrogen production; Nanotubes; Oxygen; Titanium dioxide; Urea
KW  -  Choline chloride; Dark fermentation; Green hydrogen production; Micro-algae; Palm kernel; Palm kernel expeller; Photocatalytic process; Pretreatment methods; TiO 2 nanotube; Visible light
KW  -  Microalgae
N2  - The present study investigated the application of photocatalytic process using TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) photocatalyst as an effective pre-treatment method for palm kernel expeller (PKE) in increasing its biodegradability to enhance the microalgal hydrogen production via dark fermentation. A series of TiO2 NTs photocatalysts were synthesized via employing electrochemical anodization of Ti foil at various voltages each in different types of electrolytes (choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG), choline chloride-urea (ChCl-U), choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl-Gly)). Increasing trend of average NTs diameters at 26.14 ± 1.30, 73.01 ± 1.94 and 122.00 ± 13.32 nm was observed for 25, 30 and 35 V in synthesizing TiO2 NTs using suitable ChCl-EG electrolyte, respectively. The high 35 V had resulted in noticeable pore ruptures within this TiO2 NTs photocatalyst. The PKE pre-treated by TiO2 NTs photocatalyst anodized at optimum 30 V in ChCl-EG electrolyte had demonstrated the highest releases of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) concentrations at 594 and 607 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the microalgal efficiency of BOD5 conversion and hydrogen yield were also consistently maintained from third cycle of TiO2 NTs photocatalyst's reutilizations, signifying the stability of TiO2 NTs photocatalyst. © 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
N1  - cited By 2
AV  - none
EP  - 1318
VL  - 54
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
A1  - Sahrin, N.T.
A1  - Ardo, F.M.
A1  - Suparmaniam, U.
A1  - Ramli, A.
A1  - Sin, J.C.
A1  - Lam, S.M.
A1  - Da Oh, W.
A1  - Chidi, B.S.
A1  - Ng, H.-S.
A1  - Shahid, M.K.
A1  - Tawfeek, A.M.
A1  - Khoo, K.S.
A1  - Lim, J.W.
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180377245&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijhydene.2023.12.099&partnerID=40&md5=28a4be97ba8ca36bddf1530f8ed002e9
Y1  - 2024///
ER  -