eprintid: 19410 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/94/10 datestamp: 2024-06-04 14:11:52 lastmod: 2024-06-04 14:11:52 status_changed: 2024-06-04 14:05:39 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Hossain Lipu, M.S. creators_name: Karim, T.F. creators_name: Ansari, S. creators_name: Miah, M.S. creators_name: Rahman, M.S. creators_name: Meraj, S.T. creators_name: Elavarasan, R.M. creators_name: Vijayaraghavan, R.R. title: Intelligent SOX Estimation for Automotive Battery Management Systems: State-of-the-Art Deep Learning Approaches, Open Issues, and Future Research Opportunities ispublished: pub keywords: Charging (batteries); Deep learning; Electric vehicles; Learning systems; Real time systems; Secondary batteries, Automotive battery; Charge state; Deep learning; Energy; Learning approach; Real- time; State of energy; State of health; States of charges; System state, Battery management systems note: cited By 11 abstract: Real-time battery SOX estimation including the state of charge (SOC), state of energy (SOE), and state of health (SOH) is the crucial evaluation indicator to assess the performance of automotive battery management systems (BMSs). Recently, intelligent models in terms of deep learning (DL) have received massive attention in electric vehicle (EV) BMS applications due to their improved generalization performance and strong computation capability to work under different conditions. However, estimation of accurate and robust SOC, SOH, and SOE in real-time is challenging since they are internal battery parameters and depend on the battery�s materials, chemical reactions, and aging as well as environmental temperature settings. Therefore, the goal of this review is to present a comprehensive explanation of various DL approaches for battery SOX estimation, highlighting features, configurations, datasets, battery chemistries, targets, results, and contributions. Various DL methods are critically discussed, outlining advantages, disadvantages, and research gaps. In addition, various open challenges, issues, and concerns are investigated to identify existing concerns, limitations, and challenges. Finally, future suggestions and guidelines are delivered toward accurate and robust SOX estimation for sustainable operation and management in EV operation. © 2022 by the authors. date: 2023 publisher: MDPI official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145663367&doi=10.3390%2fen16010023&partnerID=40&md5=b1270d6918eedd0bac5be0c3072ecff4 id_number: 10.3390/en16010023 full_text_status: none publication: Energies volume: 16 number: 1 refereed: TRUE issn: 19961073 citation: Hossain Lipu, M.S. and Karim, T.F. and Ansari, S. and Miah, M.S. and Rahman, M.S. and Meraj, S.T. and Elavarasan, R.M. and Vijayaraghavan, R.R. (2023) Intelligent SOX Estimation for Automotive Battery Management Systems: State-of-the-Art Deep Learning Approaches, Open Issues, and Future Research Opportunities. Energies, 16 (1). ISSN 19961073