?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=10.1016%2Fj.knosys.2023.110297&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+R.&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=09507051&rft.title=Knowledge-Based+Systems&rft.atitle=Memory%2C+evolutionary+operator%2C+and+local+search+based+improved+Grey+Wolf+Optimizer+with+linear+population+size+reduction+technique&rft.volume=264&rft.genre=article