eprintid: 18703 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/87/03 datestamp: 2024-06-04 14:11:04 lastmod: 2024-06-04 14:11:04 status_changed: 2024-06-04 14:03:54 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Liu, T. creators_name: Aniagor, C.O. creators_name: Ejimofor, M.I. creators_name: Menkiti, M.C. creators_name: Tang, K.H.D. creators_name: Chin, B.L.F. creators_name: Chan, Y.H. creators_name: Yiin, C.L. creators_name: Cheah, K.W. creators_name: Ho Chai, Y. creators_name: Lock, S.S.M. creators_name: Yap, K.L. creators_name: Wee, M.X.J. creators_name: Yap, P.-S. title: Technologies for removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from aqueous solutions: Recent advances, performances, challenges and recommendations for improvements ispublished: pub keywords: Biodegradation; Clay minerals; Electrochemical oxidation; Health hazards; Membranes; Ozone; Ozonization; Silica; Zeolites, Advanced Oxidation Processes; Biodegradation process; Classifieds; Emerging contaminant; Hybrid treatment; Latest development; Membrane separation; Performance challenges; Pharmaceutical and personal care products; Potential hazards, Adsorption note: cited By 22 abstract: In recent years, the removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from aqueous solutions has been gaining a lot of attention from researchers throughout the world. This is particularly due to the concern about their potential hazards and toxicities, as they are classified as emerging contaminants. Thus, there is an increasing need to investigate removal technologies for PPCPs at a deeper and more holistic level. This review aims to provide the latest developments in removal technologies for PPCPs. It first succinctly describes the types, characteristics, and hazards of PPCPs on the environment and human health. It then comprehensively covers a wide range of technologies for removing PPCPs from aqueous solutions, comprising the adsorption process (using carbon-based adsorbents, plant biomasses, clay and clay minerals, silica-based adsorbents, zeolite-based adsorbents, polymers and resins, and hybrid adsorbents), advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (photocatalysis, Fenton or photo-Fenton or electro-Fenton, ozonation, ultrasonication, electrochemical oxidation, persulfate oxidation), membrane separation processes (ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis), biodegradation processes (bacteria, fungi, and algae), and hybrid treatment (adsorption-AOP, AOP-membrane, membrane-biodegradation, and others). According to the specific experimental conditions, the reported removal efficiencies for adsorption, AOPs, membrane processes, biodegradation processes and hybrid treatment were 40�100, 40�100, 3�100, 14�100 and 5�100, respectively. This review paper also highlights the challenges in this field of research, particularly incomplete removal of certain PPCPs, high costs of some treatment technologies and generally insufficient understanding on the removal kinetics and mechanisms of PPCPs. This review offers recommendations for future works to further advance the technical performances to eventually realize the wider application of these technologies at the industrial scale. © 2022 Elsevier B.V. date: 2023 publisher: Elsevier B.V. official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147191531&doi=10.1016%2fj.molliq.2022.121144&partnerID=40&md5=91043a780e29e1ce9357c3b9688c406a id_number: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121144 full_text_status: none publication: Journal of Molecular Liquids volume: 374 refereed: TRUE issn: 01677322 citation: Liu, T. and Aniagor, C.O. and Ejimofor, M.I. and Menkiti, M.C. and Tang, K.H.D. and Chin, B.L.F. and Chan, Y.H. and Yiin, C.L. and Cheah, K.W. and Ho Chai, Y. and Lock, S.S.M. and Yap, K.L. and Wee, M.X.J. and Yap, P.-S. (2023) Technologies for removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from aqueous solutions: Recent advances, performances, challenges and recommendations for improvements. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 374. ISSN 01677322