%0 Journal Article
%A Abdul Manaf, A.S.
%A Mostapha, M.
%A Ameen, M.
%A Yusup, S.
%A Amran, N.A.
%D 2023
%F scholars:18569
%J Catalysts
%N 5
%R 10.3390/catal13050829
%T Optimization Study of Glucose Synthesis to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) by Using Low Transition-Temperature Mixtures (LTTM)
%U https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/18569/
%V 13
%X 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a potential value-added product gaining popularity due to its wide range of applications. Glucose is widely used for 5-HMF production because it is abundant and more cost-effective than other resources. In the current research, a combination of microwave irradiation and low transition-temperature mixture (LTTM) for 5-HMF production was sustainably created. A preliminary study was conducted to derive 5-HMF using LTTM as a green solvent in various ratios of glucose: LTTM (MA/ChCl): water (10:100:15) and (10:48:100) via microwave heating at 90 °C for 10�60 min reaction time. The product analysis revealed that the 10:100:15 combination ratio of glucose: LTTM: water produced more 5-HMF (20.5) than the 10:48:100 (0.28) ratio. Following the preliminary results, an optimization study was conducted, focusing on the reaction temperature, LTTM mass, and water to assess the impact on 5-HMF yield and glucose conversion, using CCD in Design-Expert software. The quadratic model fit for 5-HMF yield and the 2FI model for glucose conversion yielded R2 values of 0.9861 and 0.8610, respectively. Both responses had a significant p value of 0.0061 for glucose conversion and <0.0001 for 5-HMF yield. An optimum point was achieved at 100 °C, 100 g of LTTM, and 20 g of water, with an expected 5-HMF yield and glucose conversion of 45.77 and 69.03, respectively. © 2023 by the authors.
%Z cited By 2