@article{scholars18317,
            year = {2023},
             doi = {10.1016/j.envres.2023.116102},
          volume = {231},
            note = {cited By 6},
         journal = {Environmental Research},
           title = {An overview on human exposure, toxicity, solid-phase microextraction and adsorptive removal of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) from water matrices},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85159390565&doi=10.1016\%2fj.envres.2023.116102&partnerID=40&md5=2b1ed7a48beb7b3001b39024e1630025},
        keywords = {Carboxylic acids; Extraction; Phase separation; Toxicity, Adsorptive removal; Derivatizations; Human exposures; Living organisms; Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Solid-phase microextraction; Sub class; Trace amounts; Water matrices, Porous materials, activated carbon; aluminum oxide; carbon; carbon nanotube; carboxylic acid; charcoal; chitosan; graphene; hydrotalcite; hydroxide; ion exchange resin; mesoporous silica nanoparticle; metal organic framework; polymer; resin; silicon dioxide; titanium dioxide; carboxylic acid; fluorocarbon; water, adsorption; carboxylic acid; dose-response relationship; extraction method; matrix; remediation, adsorption; Article; derivatization; environmental exposure; nonhuman; physical chemistry; separation technique; solid phase extraction; solid phase microextraction; waste component removal; water pollution; human; procedures; water pollutant, Adsorption; Carboxylic Acids; Fluorocarbons; Humans; Solid Phase Extraction; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical},
        abstract = {Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) are sub-class of perfluoroalkyl substances commonly detected in water matrices. They are persistent in the environment, hence highly toxic to living organisms. Their occurrence at trace amount, complex nature and prone to matrix interference make their extraction and detection a challenge. This study consolidates current advancements in solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques for the trace-level analysis of PFCAs from water matrices. The advantages of the methods in terms of ease of applications, low-cost, robustness, low solvents consumption, high pre-concentration factors, better extraction efficiency, good selectivity and recovery of the analytes have been emphasized. The article also demonstrated effectiveness of some porous materials for the adsorptive removal of the PFCAs from the water matrices. Mechanisms of the SPE/adsorption techniques have been discussed. The success and limitations of the processes have been elucidated. {\^A}{\copyright} 2023 Elsevier Inc.},
          author = {Zango, Z. U. and Ethiraj, B. and Al-Mubaddel, F. S. and Alam, M. M. and Lawal, M. A. and Kadir, H. A. and Khoo, K. S. and Garba, Z. N. and Usman, F. and Zango, M. U. and Lim, J. W.}
}