eprintid: 18154 rev_number: 2 eprint_status: archive userid: 1 dir: disk0/00/01/81/54 datestamp: 2024-06-04 14:10:17 lastmod: 2024-06-04 14:10:17 status_changed: 2024-06-04 14:01:34 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Bilema, M. creators_name: Yuen, C.W. creators_name: Alharthai, M. creators_name: Al-Saffar, Z.H. creators_name: Al-Sabaeei, A. creators_name: Yusoff, N.I.M. title: A Review of Rubberised Asphalt for Flexible Pavement Applications: Production, Content, Performance, Motivations and Future Directions ispublished: pub note: cited By 1 abstract: The crumb rubber (CR) recycled from waste tyres could be a viable alternative in achieving green pavements that offer exciting new markets to global investors. Adding CR into flexible pavements enhances their performance and ensures environmental sustainability. This paper will discuss the production variables, CR sizes and contents, blending techniques, optimum bitumen contents, morphology, standard characteristics, rheological characteristics, mechanical performance, greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost. This review study found that compared to traditional asphalt mixtures, the CR-modified asphalts had superior performance and longer service life. However, the dearth of information on several factors in CR asphalt production, including greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost during recycling, causes many agencies in the global asphalt industry to continue employing costly, energy-consuming additives such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) instead of CR to enhance asphalt. © 2023 by the authors. date: 2023 official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85174176413&doi=10.3390%2fsu151914481&partnerID=40&md5=f0e80a3ab8e2e0048b6d1db6d0d2db1a id_number: 10.3390/su151914481 full_text_status: none publication: Sustainability (Switzerland) volume: 15 number: 19 refereed: TRUE citation: Bilema, M. and Yuen, C.W. and Alharthai, M. and Al-Saffar, Z.H. and Al-Sabaeei, A. and Yusoff, N.I.M. (2023) A Review of Rubberised Asphalt for Flexible Pavement Applications: Production, Content, Performance, Motivations and Future Directions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15 (19).