TY  - JOUR
VL  - 82
JF  - Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment
AV  - none
ID  - scholars17979
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177477228&doi=10.1007%2fs10064-023-03460-5&partnerID=40&md5=5b218734eb0844a01692085f9d920a7b
A1  - Iferobia, C.C.
A1  - Ahmad, M.
N1  - cited By 1
N2  - Heat treatment can drive the initiation and propagation of fractures and lead to porosityâ??permeability enhancement of shale reservoirs for efficient gas production. An understanding of shale mechanical behaviour under heat treatment conditions has been limited by the scarcity of macro-sized samples for geomechanical experiments. Nanoindentation was thus utilized for geomechanical evaluation of USA Eagle Ford shales exposed to high-temperature conditions of 450, 550, and 750 ÂșC. Shale samples were heat treated at set temperatures and SEMâ??EDX-Mapping was conducted for mineralogical characterization and elemental distribution analysis. The elemental distribution suggested the dominance of calcite and quartz minerals in the Eagle Ford shale. Heat treatment of samples from ambient to 750 ÂșC led to a progressive decrease in average Youngâ??s modulus (Eavg.) from 43.15 â?? 28.88 GPa, while the decreases in average Hardness (Havg.) and average Fracture toughness (KICavg.) were non-progressive. Havg. showed slight increases before a drastic decrease of 56.48, and KICavg. encountered a drastic decrease of 35.08 at 750 ÂșC. Eavg., Havg., and KICavg. were found to be strongly correlated to sample heat treatment temperature given their associated R-squares from 0.89068 â?? 0.99827. Fracture toughness was of stronger correlations to Youngâ??s modulus and Hardness with R-squares at 0.57901 and 0.69152 respectively, while the correlation between Hardness and Youngâ??s modulus was considered weak (R-square: 0.36431). The developed correlation-driven models of high R-squares can be of significant relevance in the treatment design and optimization of thermal fracturing as a standalone option or complement to hydraulic fracturing in shale gas production. © 2023, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
IS  - 12
KW  - Calcite; Ductile fracture; Fracture toughness; Geomechanics; Hardness; Heat treatment; Petroleum reservoir engineering
KW  -  Condition; Elemental distribution; Gas productions; Geomechanical properties; Geomechanical property
KW  -  thermal fracturing; Geomechanics analysis; High temperature treatments; Nano indentation; R square; Shale gas reservoirs
KW  -  Nanoindentation
KW  -  geomechanics; high temperature; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbon reservoir; permeability; shale; temperature anomaly
TI  - Nanoindentation application in geomechanics analysis of shale under high-temperature treatment/thermal fracturing conditions
Y1  - 2023///
ER  -