TY  - JOUR
EP  - 451
SN  - 09601481
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
N1  - cited By 29
SP  - 443
TI  - Dual nutrient heterogeneity modes in a continuous flow photobioreactor for optimum nitrogen assimilation to produce microalgal biodiesel
AV  - none
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120639650&doi=10.1016%2fj.renene.2021.11.117&partnerID=40&md5=c9daf83d536280c8b27f8639e3e9f6c7
JF  - Renewable Energy
A1  - Leong, W.H.
A1  - Kiatkittipong, W.
A1  - Lam, M.K.
A1  - Khoo, K.S.
A1  - Show, P.L.
A1  - Mohamad, M.
A1  - Chong, S.
A1  - Abdurrahman, M.
A1  - Lim, J.W.
VL  - 184
Y1  - 2022///
N2  - The impact of different nitrogen sources on the microalga, Chlorella vulgaris, was studied in a newly developed microalgal-bacterial photobioreactor via a dual nutrient heterogeneity mode. The mechanisms of nitrogen transformation and valorisation were unveiled, and subsequently, optimized via dual nutrient heterogeneity feeding modes comprising of various NH4+-N and NO3â??-N concentrations. The nitrogen-assimilation mechanism from the microalgal-bacterial consortium was found to reduce microalgal growth inhibition, stemming at high NH4+-N concentrations. Accordingly, the total nitrogen removal efficiency was enhanced from 40.91 to 96.38 accompanied with maximum microalgal biomass production of up to 792 mg/L at a balanced or higher NH4+-N loading from mixed nitrogen environment. The harvested microalgal biomass contained high lipid accumulation of approximately 30 when fed with optimum NH4+-N and NO3â??-N loadings at 60 and 58 mg/d, respectively. At this mixed nitrogen species loadings, high unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were attained. Indeed, the major FAME species (97â??100) fell within the C16-18 range, signifying biodiesel characteristics conformity to the requirements for quality biodiesel application. Therefore, the dual heterogeneity modes of balanced NH4+-N and NO3â??-N loadings into photobioreactor could offer effective microalgal nitrogen assimilation for sustainable wastewater treatment and microalgae-based biodiesel production simultaneously. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
KW  - Biodiesel; Microorganisms; Nitrogen removal; Nutrients; Photobioreactors; Unsaturated fatty acids; Wastewater treatment
KW  -  Activated sludge; Continuous-flow; Fatty acids methyl esters; Microalga; Microalgal biodiesels; Microalgal biomass; NH 4 + N; Nitrogen assimilation; Nitrogen sources; Photobiore-actor
KW  -  Microalgae
KW  -  biofuel; biomass; fatty acid; heterogeneity; lipid; nutrient; valorization; wastewater; wastewater treatment
KW  -  Bacteria (microorganisms); Chlorella vulgaris
ID  - scholars17818
ER  -