@article{scholars17817,
          volume = {33},
            note = {cited By 3},
          number = {1},
             doi = {10.1016/j.apt.2021.11.026},
           title = {Physicochemical properties and operational stability of Taguchi design-optimized Candida rugosa lipase supported on biogenic silica/magnetite/graphene oxide for ethyl valerate synthesis},
            year = {2022},
       publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
         journal = {Advanced Powder Technology},
            issn = {09218831},
          author = {Jacob, A. G. and Wahab, R. A. and Chandren, S. and Jumbri, K. and Wan Mahmood, W. M. A.},
        abstract = {Biobased ternary nanocomposites can stabilize enzymes for greater stability, catalytic activity and easy recovery. This study aimed to optimize biogenic silica/magnetite/graphene oxide nanocomposite supported Candida rugosa lipase (CRL/SiO2/Fe3O4/GO) for ethyl valerate (EV) synthesis and characterize the biocatalysts{\^a}?? physicochemical properties and operational stability. CRL conjugated-oil palm leaves-derived biogenic SiO2/Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite showed a maximum immobilized protein of 44.13 {\^A}{$\pm$} 2.1 mg/g with a specific activity (534.87 {\^A}{$\pm$} 9.5 U/mg), than free CRL ({\^a}?Y700 U/mg). GL-A-SiO2/Fe3O4/GO exhibited the highest surface area (260.87 m2/g) alongside superior thermal stability in TGA/DTG. XRD revealed an amorphous SiO2 (crystallinity = 26.7), while Fe3O4 existed as cubic spinel crystal (crystallinity = 90.2). Taguchi Design-optimization found that CRL/SiO2/Fe3O4/GO best catalyzed the EV synthesis (90.4 in 3 h) at 40 {\^a}?? using 3 mg/mL of biocatalyst, valeric acid/ethanol molar ratio of 1:2, in 10 (m/v) molecular sieves with stirring in heptane at 200 rpm. EV production was confirmed by FTIR- (C=O: 1738 cm{\^a}??1 and C{\^a}??O{\^a}??C: 1174 cm{\^a}??1) and GC{\^a}??MS (M+ m/z = 130, C7H14O2). CRL/SiO2/Fe3O4/GO's reusability for 11 successive esterification cycles demonstrated the SiO2/Fe3O4/GO's exceptional hyperactivation and stabilization properties on immobilized CRL. These findings conveyed the SiO2/Fe3O4/GO's efficacy to alter CRL's physicochemical properties and operational stability for catalyzing higher yields EV. {\^A}{\copyright} 2021 The Society of Powder Technology Japan},
        keywords = {Candida; Catalyst activity; Crystallinity; Esterification; Esters; Fatty acids; Lipases; Molar ratio; Molecular sieves; Nanocomposites; Palm oil; Physicochemical properties; Reusability; Silica; Silicon; Stability; Yeast, Biocatalyst characterization; Biogenic silica; Candida rugosa lipase; Esterification synthesis; Ethyl valerate; Nanocomposite support; Operational stability; Physicochemical property; Taguchi design; Taguchi optimizations, Magnetite},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120705367&doi=10.1016\%2fj.apt.2021.11.026&partnerID=40&md5=b4e84497f36c33343a7ffff74b381864}
}