%P 281-294
%T A Conceptual Game-based Design Model: Game Elements for Enhancing User Motivation
%A N.A.M. Yahaya
%A D.R.A. Rambli
%A S. Sulaiman
%I Success Culture Press
%V 12
%D 2022
%R 10.33168/JSMS.2022.0418
%N 4
%O cited By 1
%J Journal of System and Management Sciences
%L scholars17535
%X Recent studies have developed forest-themed VR-based applications for reducing stress. The lack of interaction between users and the virtual environment made users become demotivated and bored. Therefore, there is a need to integrate game elements into the application. Gamification is widely known to increase user motivation. Therefore, this paper focused on identifying suitable game elements to be implemented in the existing frameworks for enhancement. Several game elements were identified able to enhance user motivation. The game elements were grouped into three; feedback, rewards and goals. Each of the game elements consists of two types(feedback: progress bar and scorecard; rewards: points and new content) with the exception of goals game elements. It should be noted that the preliminary model is a conceptual model and has not been validated yet. Therefore, the game elements will be integrated into a forest-themed VR application to evaluate its effectiveness. © 2022, Success Culture Press. All rights reserved.