TY - JOUR ID - scholars17154 KW - adult; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised; Article; clinical article; clinical feature; controlled study; corpus callosum; cross-sectional study; diffusion weighted imaging; disease duration; feature extraction; female; fixel based analysis; human; human cell; image analysis; male; middle aged; motor neuron disease; neuroimaging; primary motor cortex; pyramidal tract; transcranial magnetic stimulation; voxel based morphometry; white matter; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; diagnostic imaging; diffusion tensor imaging; motoneuron KW - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Humans; Motor Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; White Matter IS - 2 N2 - Background and purpose: To clarify the relationship between fiber-specific white matter changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and clinical signs of upper motor neuron (UMN) involvement, we performed a fixel-based analysis (FBA), a novel framework for diffusion-weighted imaging analysis. Methods: We enrolled 96 participants, including 48 nonfamilial ALS patients and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), in this study and conducted whole-brain FBA and voxel-based morphometry analysis. We compared the fiber density (FD), fiber morphology (fiber cross-section FC), and a combined index of FD and FC (FDC) between the ALS and HC groups. We performed a tract-of-interest analysis to extract FD values across the significant regions in the whole-brain analysis. Then, we evaluated the associations between FD values and clinical variables. Results: The bilateral corticospinal tracts (CSTs) and the corpus callosum (CC) showed reduced FD and FDC in ALS patients compared with HCs (p < 0.05, familywise error-corrected), and the comparison of FCs revealed no region that was significantly different from another. Voxel-based morphometry showed cortical volume reduction in the regions, including the primary motor area. Clinical scores showed correlations with FD values in the CSTs (UMN score: rho = â??0.530, p < 0.001; central motor conduction time CMCT in the upper limb: rho = â??0.474, p = 0.008; disease duration: rho = â??0.383, p = 0.007; ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised: rho = 0.340, p = 0.018). In addition, patients whose CMCT was not calculated due to unevoked waves also showed FD reduction in the CSTs. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that FD values in the CST estimated via FBA can be potentially used in evaluating UMN impairments. © 2021 European Academy of Neurology VL - 29 A1 - Ogura, A. A1 - Kawabata, K. A1 - Watanabe, H. A1 - Choy, S.W. A1 - Bagarinao, E. A1 - Kato, T. A1 - Imai, K. A1 - Masuda, M. A1 - Ohdake, R. A1 - Hara, K. A1 - Nakamura, R. A1 - Atsuta, N. A1 - Nakamura, T. A1 - Katsuno, M. A1 - Sobue, G. JF - European Journal of Neurology UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118302510&doi=10.1111%2fene.15136&partnerID=40&md5=6d92ebf69e74b9d90984cb2a556526e4 Y1 - 2022/// SP - 432 TI - Fiber-specific white matter analysis reflects upper motor neuron impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis N1 - cited By 6 AV - none EP - 440 PB - John Wiley and Sons Inc SN - 13515101 ER -