@article{scholars17111,
           title = {Thermal Kinetics of Monocationic and Dicationic Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids},
          number = {3},
            note = {cited By 3},
          volume = {15},
             doi = {10.3390/ma15031247},
       publisher = {MDPI},
         journal = {Materials},
            year = {2022},
          author = {Ab Rahim, A. H. and Abd Ghani, N. and Hasanudin, N. and Yunus, N. M. and Azman, N. S.},
            issn = {19961944},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124488168&doi=10.3390\%2fma15031247&partnerID=40&md5=4971e04c99431df77a823d69175afbe3},
        keywords = {Activation analysis; Ionic liquids; Kinetics; Thermodynamic stability; Thermogravimetric analysis, Bromide anions; Dicationic; Dicationic ionic liquids; Isothermal thermo-gravimetric analysis; Monocationic; Nonisothermal; Pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid; Temperature range; Thermal degradation'; Thermal kinetics, Activation energy},
        abstract = {This work presents an in-depth kinetic thermal degradation comparison between tra-ditional monocationic and the newly developed dicationic ionic liquid (IL), both coupled with a bromide (Br{\^a}??) anion by using non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Thermal analyses of 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide C4MPyrBr and 1,4-bis(1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)butane dibromide BisC4MPyrBr2  were conducted at a temperature range of 50{\^a}??650{\^a}??C and subjected to various heating rates, which are 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25{\^a}??C/min. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that dicationic IL, BisC4MPyrBr2  is less thermally stable compared to monocationic C4MPyrBr. A detailed analysis of kinetic parameters, which are the activation energy (Ea ) and pre-exponential factor (log A), was calculated by using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Starink. This study revealed that the average Ea and log A of BisC4MPyrBr2  are lower than C4MPyrBr, which may be contributed to by its low thermal stability. Conclusively, it proved that the Ea and log A of ILs are strongly related to the thermal stability of ILs. {\^A}{\copyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.}
}