@article{scholars17096,
         journal = {Energies},
       publisher = {MDPI},
            year = {2022},
           title = {Catalytic Hydrotreating of Crude Pongamia pinnata Oil to Bio-Hydrogenated Diesel over Sulfided NiMo Catalyst},
          number = {4},
            note = {cited By 6},
          volume = {15},
             doi = {10.3390/en15041547},
        abstract = {This work studied the catalytic activity and stability of Ni-MoS2 supported on {\^I}3-Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 toward deoxygenation of different feedstocks, i.e., crude Pongamia pinnata oil (PPO) and refined palm olein (RPO). PPO was used as a renewable feedstock for bio-hydrogenated diesel production via catalytic hydrotreating under a temperature of 330 {\^A}oC, H2 pressure of 50 bar, WHSV of 1.5 h{\^a}??1, and H2/oil (v/v) of 1000 cm3/cm3 under continuous operation. The oil yield from a Soxhlet extraction of PPO was up to 26 wt. on a dry basis, mainly consisting of C18 fatty acids. The catalytic activity in terms of conversion and diesel yield was in the same trend as increasing in the order of NiMo/{\^I}3-Al2O3 \> NiMo/TiO2 \> NiMo/SiO2. The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) activity was more favorable over the sulfided NiMo supported on {\^I}3-Al2O3 and TiO2, while a high DCO was observed over the sulfided NiMo/SiO2 catalyst, which related to the properties of the support material and the intensity of metal{\^a}??support interaction. The deactivation of NiMo/SiO2 and NiMo/TiO2 occurred in a short period, due to the phosphorus and alkali impurities in PPO which were not found in the case of RPO. NiMo/{\^I}3-Al2O3 exhibited the high resistance of impure feedstock with excellent stabil-ity. This indicates that the catalytic performance is influenced by the purity of the feedstock as well as the characteristics of the catalysts. {\^A}{\copyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
        keywords = {Alumina; Binary alloys; Catalyst activity; Diesel engines; Fatty acids; Feedstocks; Hydrogenation; Layered semiconductors; Molybdenum compounds; Palm oil; Silica; Titanium dioxide, Bio-hydrogenated diesel; Catalytic hydrotreating; Hydroprocessing; Nimo sulfided catalyst; Palm olein; Pongamia pinnata; Pongamia pinnata oil; Supports effects; ]+ catalyst; {\^I}3 Al2O3, Aluminum oxide},
             url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125081305&doi=10.3390\%2fen15041547&partnerID=40&md5=5bb73ee5b6eccb0cba183f78382415ea},
            issn = {19961073},
          author = {Plaola, Y. and Leangsiri, W. and Pongsiriyakul, K. and Kiatkittipong, W. and Srifa, A. and Lim, J.-W. and Reubroycharoen, P. and Kiatkittipong, K. and Eiad-Ua, A. and Assabumrungrat, S.}
}