TY  - JOUR
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
SN  - 03605442
Y1  - 2022///
VL  - 242
A1  - Chung, M.R.W.Y.
A1  - Tan, I.S.
A1  - Foo, H.C.Y.
A1  - Lam, M.K.
JF  - Energy
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121672967&doi=10.1016%2fj.energy.2021.122968&partnerID=40&md5=d0e58f69873abf3fed262c86e0d0b61a
AV  - none
ID  - scholars17050
TI  - Exergy analysis of a biorefinery process for co-production of third-generation L-lactic acid and electricity from Eucheuma denticulatum residues
KW  - Algae; Anaerobic digestion; Cogeneration plants; Computer software; Exergy; Fossil fuels; Hydrolysis; Lactic acid; Refining; Wastewater treatment
KW  -  Autohydrolysis; Biorefinery process; Co-production; Exergy Analysis; Exergy destructions; L-lactic acids; Macro-algae; Macroalga waste; Microwave-assisted; Microwave-assisted autohydrolysis
KW  -  Bioconversion
KW  -  chemical compound; combined heat and power; crop residue; electricity generation; exergy; fermentation; perforation; performance assessment; power generation; technological development; wastewater treatment plant
N2  - This paper evaluates the thermodynamic performance of three different l-lactic acid (LLA) biorefinery scenarios, utilizing macroalgae cellulosic residue, namely Eucheuma denticulatum residues (EDRs), as raw materials. To establish exergy analysis, the thermodynamic properties of each biorefinery scenario was obtained through process simulation using Aspen Plus® V10. It was found that microwave-assisted autohydrolysis (MAA) was feasible in minimizing the amount of EDRs needed by 70.2 to produce 1000 kg/h of LLA. The fermentation unit, wastewater treatment (WWT) unit, and combined heat and power (CHP) unit were ranked top three for the occurrence of exergy destruction. Both the LLA recovery unit (99.37) and MAA pretreatment unit (99.68) were found to be highly exergetically efficient. Among the three scenarios, Scenario III, which was integrated with power generation and a proper waste management system, had the highest functional exergy efficiency (22.12) and normalized exergy destruction (0.73). It demonstrated the highest functionality due to the prevention of material losses by converting waste streams into value-added products and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel derived energy for plant operation. The valuable information from exergy analysis provides theoretical guidance for performance enhancement in a macroalgae-based biorefinery to produce LLA, either with process integration or technology advancement. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
N1  - cited By 4
ER  -