eprintid: 16721
rev_number: 2
eprint_status: archive
userid: 1
dir: disk0/00/01/67/21
datestamp: 2023-12-19 03:23:15
lastmod: 2023-12-19 03:23:15
status_changed: 2023-12-19 03:06:46
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Ul Haq, I.
creators_name: Qasim, A.
creators_name: Lal, B.
creators_name: Zaini, D.B.
creators_name: Foo, K.S.
creators_name: Mubashir, M.
creators_name: Khoo, K.S.
creators_name: Vo, D.-V.N.
creators_name: Leroy, E.
creators_name: Show, P.L.
title: Ionic liquids for the inhibition of gas hydrates. A review
ispublished: pub
note: cited By 17
abstract: The formation of gas hydrates is a major issue during the operation of oil and gas pipelines, because gas hydrates cause plugging, thereby disrupting the normal oil and gas flows. A solution is to inject gas hydrate inhibitors such as ionic liquids. Contrary to classical inhibitors, ionic liquids act both as thermodynamic inhibitors and hydrate inhibitors, and as anti-agglomerates. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been found efficient for the inhibition of CO2 and CH4 hydrates. For CO2 gas hydrates, N-ethyl-N-methylmorpholinium bromide showed an average depression temperature of 1.72 K at 10 wt concentration. The induction time of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide is 36.3 h for CO2 hydrates at 1 wt concentration. For CH4 hydrates, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride showed average depression temperature of 4.80 K at 40 wt. For mixed gas hydrates of CO2 and CH4, only quaternary ammonium salts have been studied. Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide shifted the hydrate liquid vapour equilibrium to 1.56 K at 10 wt, while tetrabutylammonium hydroxide showed an induction time of 0.74 h at 1 wt concentration. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
date: 2022
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122666706&doi=10.1007%2fs10311-021-01359-9&partnerID=40&md5=c0867c7b9cf0654e5a8957773fd50f40
id_number: 10.1007/s10311-021-01359-9
full_text_status: none
publication: Environmental Chemistry Letters
volume: 20
number: 3
pagerange: 2165-2188
refereed: TRUE
issn: 16103653
citation:   Ul Haq, I. and Qasim, A. and Lal, B. and Zaini, D.B. and Foo, K.S. and Mubashir, M. and Khoo, K.S. and Vo, D.-V.N. and Leroy, E. and Show, P.L.  (2022) Ionic liquids for the inhibition of gas hydrates. A review.  Environmental Chemistry Letters, 20 (3).  pp. 2165-2188.  ISSN 16103653