relation: https://khub.utp.edu.my/scholars/16721/
title: Ionic liquids for the inhibition of gas hydrates. A review
creator: Ul Haq, I.
creator: Qasim, A.
creator: Lal, B.
creator: Zaini, D.B.
creator: Foo, K.S.
creator: Mubashir, M.
creator: Khoo, K.S.
creator: Vo, D.-V.N.
creator: Leroy, E.
creator: Show, P.L.
description: The formation of gas hydrates is a major issue during the operation of oil and gas pipelines, because gas hydrates cause plugging, thereby disrupting the normal oil and gas flows. A solution is to inject gas hydrate inhibitors such as ionic liquids. Contrary to classical inhibitors, ionic liquids act both as thermodynamic inhibitors and hydrate inhibitors, and as anti-agglomerates. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been found efficient for the inhibition of CO2 and CH4 hydrates. For CO2 gas hydrates, N-ethyl-N-methylmorpholinium bromide showed an average depression temperature of 1.72 K at 10 wt concentration. The induction time of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide is 36.3 h for CO2 hydrates at 1 wt concentration. For CH4 hydrates, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride showed average depression temperature of 4.80 K at 40 wt. For mixed gas hydrates of CO2 and CH4, only quaternary ammonium salts have been studied. Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide shifted the hydrate liquid vapour equilibrium to 1.56 K at 10 wt, while tetrabutylammonium hydroxide showed an induction time of 0.74 h at 1 wt concentration. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2022
type: Article
type: PeerReviewed
identifier:   Ul Haq, I. and Qasim, A. and Lal, B. and Zaini, D.B. and Foo, K.S. and Mubashir, M. and Khoo, K.S. and Vo, D.-V.N. and Leroy, E. and Show, P.L.  (2022) Ionic liquids for the inhibition of gas hydrates. A review.  Environmental Chemistry Letters, 20 (3).  pp. 2165-2188.  ISSN 16103653     
relation: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122666706&doi=10.1007%2fs10311-021-01359-9&partnerID=40&md5=c0867c7b9cf0654e5a8957773fd50f40
relation: 10.1007/s10311-021-01359-9
identifier: 10.1007/s10311-021-01359-9