%K Chlorine compounds; Hydrates; Hydration; Hydrolysis; Lactic acid, Dilute-acid hydrolysis; Eucheuma cottonii; Eucheuma cottonii residue; Green salt treatment; L-lactic acids; Molten salt; Salt hydrates; Salts treatment; Separate hydrolysis and fermentation; Yeast extracts, Glucose, glucose; lactic acid; nicotinamide; pantothenic acid; yeast extract, bacterium; fermentation; glucose; hydrolysis; substrate; vitamin, acid hydrolysis; acidity; Article; biofuel production; biomass energy; carbon nuclear magnetic resonance; cell density; chemical structure; controlled study; crystal structure; dissolution; fermentation; high temperature; hybrid; hydrogen bond; inoculation; Kappaphycus alvarezii; liquefaction; low temperature; macroalga; microbial biomass; micromorphology; molecular weight; nonhuman; precursor; product quality; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; reaction temperature; reaction time; structure analysis; ultrasound; viscosity
%X This study aims to establish an efficient pretreatment method that facilitates the conversion of sugars from macroalgae wastes, Eucheuma cottonii residues (ECRs) during hydrolysis and subsequently enhances L-lactic acid (L-LA) production. Hence, ultrasonic-assisted molten salt hydrates (UMSHs) pretreatment was proposed to enhance the accessibility of ECRs to hydrolyze into glucose through dilute acid hydrolysis (DAH). The obtained hydrolysates were employed as the substrate in producing L-LA by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The maximum glucose yield (97.75 ) was achieved using UMSHs pretreated ECRs with 40 wt ZnCl2 at 80 °C for 2 h and followed with DAH. The optimum glucose to L-LA yield obtained for SHF was 90.08  using 5  (w/w) inoculum cell densities of B. coagulans ATCC 7050 with yeast extract (YE). A comparable performance (89.65 ) was obtained using a nutrient combination (lipid-extracted Chlorella vulgaris residues (CVRs), vitamin B3, and vitamin B5) as a partial alternative for YE. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
%R 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128136
%D 2022
%L scholars16241
%J Bioresource Technology
%O cited By 0
%I Elsevier Ltd
%V 364
%A S.L. Chong
%A I.S. Tan
%A H.C.Y. Foo
%A Y.S. Chan
%A M.K. Lam
%A K.T. Lee
%T Ultrasonic�assisted molten salt hydrates pretreated Eucheuma cottonii residues as a greener precursor for third-generation L-lactic acid production